Term
| Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its' container? |
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Which out of the following is a physical change?
(corrosion, explosion, evaporation, rotting food) |
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| The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000000000154m. What is this number expressed in scientific notation? |
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Definition
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How many significant figures does this number contain?
0.00044 L |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between precise and accurate? |
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Definition
Accurate = exact
Precise = consistant, but not exactly correct (EX: 2, 2.5, 3 VS 2.0, 3.0, 4.0) |
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Term
| How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.0034 kg? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the number 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant figures? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? |
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Definition
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Term
| The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| You fire alpha, beta, and gamma particles through a piece of paper...which ones make it through? |
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Definition
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Term
| the "p" in 4p^5 tell us what about the electron orbital? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are frequency and wavelength related? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds? |
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Definition
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| WHat is the formula for sodium sulfate? |
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Definition
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| What is the formula for potassium nitrate? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many electrons can occupy a single orbital? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes a molecule to have a bent shape? |
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Definition
| repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons |
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Term
Which of the following atoms acquires the most negative charge in a covalent bond with hydrogen?
C, Na, O, or S? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nonmetals in groups 6A and &A have... |
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Definition
| a numerical charge that be determined by subtracting 8 from their group number |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT an cation?
iron (III) ion, mercurous ion, sulfate, or Ca^2+ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for phosphoric acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for sulfuric acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Suppose you encounter a chemical formula with H as the cation. What do you know about this compound immediately? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these elements can form diatomic molecules joined by a double bond?
nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, of none of the above? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group in a periodic table? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes shielding to remain constant across a period? |
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Definition
| electrons are added to the same principal energy level |
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Term
| Compounds of elements who have a larger electronegativity difference (2 or higher) are... |
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Definition
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Term
| Compared to its parent atom, a negative atom is always... |
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Definition
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Term
In order to increase the concentration of a solution, in terms of its molarity, you could...
i. increase the amount of the solute
ii. decrease the amount of the solvent
iii. increase the amount of the solvent |
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Definition
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Term
| Water has a high surface tensions for three reasons... |
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Definition
i. it is VERY polar
ii. water molecules are attracted to one another with strong intermolecular forces
iii. water has a high heat capacity |
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Term
| Amongst themselves, how are temperature, volume, and pressure related? |
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Definition
PT and TV are directly related,
VP are inversely related |
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Term
| What is the equation for heat capacity? |
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Definition
heat (J or cal)
___________________________________
mass (g) x change in temp. (C) |
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Term
| What are the four parts of Dalton's atomic theroy? |
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Definition
i. all elements are composed of atoms
ii. atoms of the same element are identical, while elements of two different elements are different
iii. atoms of different elements can combine to form compounds
iiii. chemical reactions occur when atoms are joined, rearranged, or separated from each other |
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Term
| What does the VSEPR state? |
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Definition
| the repulsion between electron pairs causes molecular shapes to adjust |
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Term
| What makes a molecule have a bent shape? a linear shape? |
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Definition
a molecule is bent b/c two unshared pairs of electrons repel bonding molecules...
a molecule is bent because it has no unshared electron pairs |
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Term
| A student measures the mass of a piece of iron and gets the following masses: 15.78 g, 15.81 g, and 15.79 g. The correct value is 23.87 grams. The students' measurements can be considered... |
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Definition
| neither accurate or precise |
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Term
Which of the following can be considered a homogeneous mixture?
i. air
ii. salt water
iii. iron (III) chloride |
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Definition
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Term
Which states of matter have a definite volume?
i. solid
ii. liquid
iii. gas |
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Definition
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Term
An tom of iodine-127 has which of the following?
(has the mass # 53) |
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Definition
53 protons/neutrons,
74 electrons |
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Term
| In the gold foil experiment, Rutherford discovered... |
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Definition
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Term
Which elements has the lowest ionization energy?
electronegativity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the correct name of (NH4)2SO4? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pressure and volume are related...how? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| A compound is a substance made of all the same kind of... |
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Definition
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Term
| The current model of the atom is the... |
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Definition
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Term
| When water is decomposed, it forms... |
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Definition
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Term
| Who invented the first periodic table? |
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Definition
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Term
| Atoms with a high number of energy levels tend to have a... |
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Definition
| large radii and low electronegativity |
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Term
| The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| Atomic radius decreases from left to right on the periodic able because... |
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Definition
| the # of protons is increasing |
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Term
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Definition
| farthest apart on the periodic table |
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Term
| gases are compressible because... |
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Definition
| there is a lot of space between gas particles |
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Term
| Evaporation is a cooling process because... |
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Definition
| liquid particles with the highest energy evaporate first, leaving cooler ones behind |
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Term
Which pair of orbitals have the same shape?
i. 2s and 2p
ii. 2s and 3s
ii. 3p and 3d |
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Definition
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Term
| Table sugar is an example of a... |
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Definition
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Term
| What subatomic particle distinguishes atoms of one element from another? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| If more solvent is added to a solution, then the... |
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Definition
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Term
| The reaction between an acid and a base will always result in the formation of... |
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Definition
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Term
| wavelength & energy as well as frequency and energy are related...how? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following would increase the gas pressure in a sealed container?
i. increasing temp
ii. adding more moles of gas
iii. increasing volume |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following would have a pH less than 7?
i. water
ii. HCl
iii. NaOH |
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Definition
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