All of the following are examples of matter EXCEPT

A)heat

B)air

C)water

D)salt

E)plants

Which of the following is a physical change?

A)the rusting of iron

B)the condensation of water vapor

C)the baking of a potato

D)the explosion of nitroglycerin

b)the condensation of water vapor

Which best describes the size and shape of a sample liquid?

A)definite volume and definite shape

B)definite volume, but shape is determined by container

C)volume determined by container, but definite shape

D)volume and shape are both determined by the container

E)volume and shape cannot be described

A chemist is given an unkown sample. which of her observations is a chemical property?

A)the sample is a colorless liquid 

B)the sample has an oder similar to gas

C)the sample is flammable

D)the density of the liquid is 0.789 g/mL

Which of the following observations demonstrates that a solid sample is a compound?

A)cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods

B)cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical methods

C)heating the substance causes it to melt, then boil

D)heating the substance causes no visible color change

E)crushing the sample does not affect its other properties

A pure substance..

A)always has the same elemental compostion

B)is always composed of more than one element

C)can be broken into its components by physical means

D)has physical properties that vary with its chemical composition

Which of the following is a mixture?

A)cough syrup

B)iron

C)helium

D)NaCl

E)steam

Which of the following can be classified as a pure compound?

A)alcohol in water,C2H5OH in H2O

B)sugar, C12H22O11

C)carbon, C

D)iodine, I2

THe formula for calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, represents a compound composed of..

A)2 calcium,2 nitrogen, 6oxygen

B)1 calcium, 2 nitrogen, 5 oxygen

C)1 calcium, 2 nitrogen, 6 oxygen

D)1 carbon, 2 nitrogen, 5 oxygen

Adding one neutron to the nucleus of an atom:

A)converts it to an isotope of the same element

B)increases its atomic mass by 2, no change atomic number

C)increases its atomic number, no change atomic mass

D)no change

C)converts it to an atom of a different element

diatomic element..?

A)iodine

B)chlorine

C)oxygen

D)carbon

E)hydrogen

permanganate

C2H3O2- 

CH3CO2-

C2H3O2-

CH3CO2-

Which of the following statements about intermolecular forces is INCORRECT?

A)they must be overcome in order for molecules to escape from liquid state into gas state

B)they are much weaker than intramolecular forces

C)they occur between molecules rather than within molecules

D) they occur only in polar molecules

Which of the following statements is not a part of the kinetic molecular theory?

A)matter is composed of particles that are in constant motion

B)particle velocity increases as the temp increase

C)particles in a system cannot transfer energy to eachother

D)particle interactions involve electrostatic attractions and repulsions 

In a liquid state, disruptive forces are..

A)roughly the same magnitude as cohesive forces

B)very weak compared to cohesive forces

C)dominant over cohesive forces

D)unimportant

Which of the following descriptions apply to matter in the solid state?

A)definite shape and low density 

B)cohesive forces dominate over disruptive forces

C)kinetic energy dominates over potential energy

D)high compressibility and definite volume

if two aqueous solutions with concentrations of 0.3M sugar and 0.6M sugar are separted by a semipermable membrane, during osmosis there is a net flow of?

A)sugar molecules from concentration to the dilute soln

B)sugar molecules from dilute to concentrated soln

C)water molecules from concentrated to the dilute soln

D)water molecules from dilute to concentrated soln

consider following substances and theri polarites. A polar, B polar, C nonpolar, D nonpolar. True that...

A) A is more soluble in C than B

B)C is more soluble in D than A

C)D is more soluble in B than C

D)no correct response

A crystal of solid NaCl is placed into an aqueous NaCl soln. It is observed that most, but not all crystal dissolves. this means original soln was..

A)dilute

B)concentrated

C)satured

D)unsaturated

in a soln, the solvent is,,

A) the substance being disolved 

B)always the liquid

C)the substance present in the greatest amount

D)always water

Which of the following is a colligative property?

A)density

B)boiling point

C)vapor pressure

D)osmotic pressure

D) osmotic pressure

(dependent of # of particles in soln)

At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is ____ porportional to its ____ temp.

A) directly; Celcius

B)directly; Kelvin

C) inversely; celcius

D)inversely; kevin

Liquids will boil at lower temperatures at higher elevations because..

A)the intermolcular forces become weaker 

B)atmospheric pressure increases

C)atmospheric pressure decreases

D)it is harder to transfer heat to liquid

The boiling point of liquid is 

A) the temp at which rate of sublimination and evaporation are equal

B)always over 100 degC

C)the temp at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure over the liquid

D)the temp at which the liquid-vapor equilibriuum is reached

Which of the following is NOT factor in determining the magnitude of the vapor pressure of a liquid?

A)the temp of liquid

B)the strength if the attractive forces between molecules of the liquid 

C) the volume of the container 

D)the molecular weight of the liquid

in which of the following pairs of molecules would the first listed member of the pairs have a higher boiling point than second listed member of the pair?
A) HF and HBr

B)F2 and Cl2

C)O2 and NO

D)none above 

In which of the following liquids wouold london forces be predominant intermolecular force?

A)HF

B)N2

C)H2S

D)BrF

Soln may cantain

A)one solvent and many solutes

B)many solvents but only one solutw

C)only one solvent and one solute

D)many solvents and many solutes

Which about soln is CORRECT?

A)the composition cannot vary

B)homogeneous mixture

C)solute and solvent will readily separate if left undisturbed for 24hrs

D)heterogeneous mixture

Following INCORRECT about evaporation?

A) molecules with most energy are those that leave surface of liquid

B)increasing surface area of liquid decrease rate of evaporation

C)increasing surface area of the liquid increases rate of evaporation

D)evaporation causes temp of liquid to drop

which of the following is correct?

A)dipole-dipole interactions occur only between nonpolar molecules

B)a hydrogen bond is an exremely weak intermolecular force

C)london forces are "instantaneous" dipole-dipole interactions

D) hydrogen bonding occurs anytime a hydrogen-containing molecule is present

in which of the following pairs of physical changes are both changes exothermic?

A)sublimination, melting

B)freezing, melting

C)freezing, condensation

D)melting, sublimination

the solubility of gases in liquids..

A)increase as temp increases and increases as pressure increases

B) decreases as temp increases and increases as pressure increases

C)decreases as temp increases and decreases as pressure increases

D)increases as temp increases and decreases as pressure increases 

considering a 1.0M solution of each substance, which contains the largest concentration of ions?

A)sodium sulfate

B)potassium chloride

C)Iron(iii) bromide

D)calcium phosphate

Main group elements that are metals usually___ one or more e- to form___, which have a ___ charge.

A)lose, anions, negative

B)lose, cation, negative

C)lose, cation, positive

D)gain, cation, positive

E)gain, anions, negative

One characteristic of an anion is that

A)it has more protons than e-

B)it has equal # of protons and electons

C)it has more e- than protons 

D) # of neutrons is related to # of e-

E)relationship between protons and electrons varies with anion in question

the statement that best describes the formation of an ionic compound is:

A) e- are transfered from metal to non-metal, and resulting charged particles form a crystalline network

B)e- are transfered from non-metal to metal, and resulting charged particles form a crystalline network

C)e- are shared between 2 atoms and discrete molecules are formed

D)e- move freely among a network of nuclei in fixed positions 

E)each atom achieves an actet using e- provided from an external electrical supply

which of the following pairs will form ionic bonds with one another

A)N, C

B)Na, Ca

C)Cs, Br

D) S, Cl

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns^2ns^4?

A)2-

B)1-

C)2+

D)4+

E)6+

What is the valence shell electron configuration of the ion formed from an atom of the halogen family?

A)ns^2

B)ns^2 np^2

C)ns^2 np^4

D)ns^2 np^6

E)ns^2 np^8

which of the following ions does not have the same e- configuration  as the noble gas argon?

A)O^2-

B)CL-

C)K+

D)S^2-

E)Ca^2+

what fourth period element is represented by the dot structure shown? X:

A) K

B)Ca

C)Na

D)Se

E)Sr

Which 3rd period element is most likely to form an ion with a -3 charge?

A)Mg

B)N

C)S
D)P

E)As 

The MnO4- ion is composed of

A)1 atom magnesium, 4 atoms oxygen, one extra e-

B)1 atom manganese, 4 atoms oxygen, 1 extra e-

C)1 atom magnesium, 4 atoms oxygen, missing e-

D)1 atom manganese, 4 atoms oxygen, missing e-

Some element X reacts with oxygen to form an ionic compound with formula XO2, the charge on the ion formed would be___

A)4-

B)2-

C)1+

D)2+

E)4+

a chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share 4 e- is a ___ bond; it is best described as ____.

A)double; covalent

B)double;ionic

C)single;covalent

D)single;ionic

E)triple;covalent

the total # of valence e- in a molecule of SOF2 is___

A)26

B)24

C)18

D)20

E)22

Elements Elements W, X, Y, Z have electronegativity values of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.5 respectively. which bond is most ionic?

A)WY

B) WZ

C)XY

D)XZ
E)YZ 

Elements Elements W, X, Y, Z have electronegativity values of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.5 respectively. which bond is least polar?

A)WX

B)WZ
C)XY
D)XZ
E)YZ 

which representation of a hydrogen molecule is NOT correct?

A)H=H

B)H2

C)H:H

D)H-H

E)none above

A bond where the e- are shared unequally is called a(n)____ bond.

A)polar covalent

B)coordinate covalent

C)non-polar covalent

D)ionic

E)none above

The VSEPR model of a molecular structure requires a knowledge of ___ to predict the geometry of an atom in a molecule.

A) the # of atoms bonded to the atom of interest

B)the total # of atoms in the molecule

C)# of e- pairs on the atom of interest

D)both A and C

D) none above

ammonium, NH3, has a ___ geometry because its central atom has ___ bonds and ___ lone pairs of e-.

A)bent; two; two

B)linear; two; two

C)pyamidal; three; one

D)tetrahedral; four; zero

E)planar triangular; three; zero

Acetonitrile has the formula HCN(w/in that order). the electronegativity of C, H and N are 2.5, 2.1, and 3.0, respectively. based on the values and on the consideration of molecular geometry, the C-H bond is ___, C-N bond is ___ and the molecule is ___.

A)polar;polar;polar

B)non-polar, non-polar; non-polar

C)polar;non-polar;polar

D)non-polar;polar;polar

E)non-polar;polar;non-polar