Term
| what are likely active ingredients in antacids? |
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Definition
| metal hydroxides, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates |
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Term
| what is the net ionic equation for the neutralization of magnesium hydroxide by stomach acid? |
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Definition
| Mg(OH)3(s) + 2H3O(aq) --> Mg2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) |
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Term
| the reaction between calcium carbonate and acid |
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Definition
CaCO3(s) + 2H3O (aq) --> Ca2+ + H2CO3 (aq) + 2H2O(l)
and then
H2CO3(aq) <--> CO2(g) + H2O |
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Term
| how does the bicarbonate ion HCO3- have a buffering effect? |
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Definition
it reacts with both the base and the acid:
HCO3- + OH- <--> CO32- + H2O
and
HCO3- + H3O+ <--> CO2 (g) + 2H2O |
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Term
| what is the net ionic equation for the back-titration of acid with base? |
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Definition
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Term
| how do you determine the moles of acid neutralized by an antacid tablet after back-titrating it with base? |
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Definition
| subtract the moles of acid from the base used |
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Term
| how do you calculate mass effectiveness of an antacid tablet? |
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Definition
| by putting the moles of acid neutralized by the sample / mass of the sample |
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Term
| what is the name of the indicator used in the back-titration of antacid tablets? |
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Definition
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Term
| what color is bromcresol green in acid? in base? |
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Definition
| yellow in acid, blue in base |
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Term
| how do you tell if your antacid is a carbonate compound? |
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Definition
| carbonate compounds will release bubbles of CO2 gas. |
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Term
| what are the three cations that form insoluble chlorides? |
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Definition
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Term
| list the net ionic equations expressing the formation of the three insoluble chloride salts |
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Definition
Hg22+ + 2Cl- <--> Hg2Cl2(s)
Ag+ + Cl- <--> AgCl (s)
Pb2+ + 2Cl- <--> PbCl2(s) |
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Term
| what is the first thing you do to the compound of the three insoluble salts after precipitating by adding HCl? |
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Definition
| add hot water, which will dissolve PbCl2 |
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Term
| how do you separate Hg from the precipitate from the hot water mixture? (also containing Ag) |
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Definition
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Term
| write the equation of AgCl dissolving in ammonia? |
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Definition
| AgCl(s) + 2NH3(aq) <--> [Ag(NH3)2]+(aq) + Cl-(aq) |
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Term
| reaction of Hg2Cl2 with NH3 |
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Definition
| Hg2Cl2(s) + 2NH3 <--> HgNH2Cl(s) + Hg(l) + NH4+ + Cl- |
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Term
| how do you verify the presence of Hg22+ in the original mixture? |
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Definition
| after dissolving Pb in hot water, leaving Hg and Ag as precipitant, treat the precipitant with NH3. If Hg22+ is present, it will be black or grey. |
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Term
| how do you identify the presence (or lack thereof) of Ag+ in the supernatant liquid after reacting Hg with NH3, and what is the equation? |
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Definition
adding nitric acid solution to the supernatant liquid:
[Ag(NH3)2]+(aq) + 2H3O+ (aq) + Cl- <--> AgCl(s) + 2NH4+ (aq)+2H2O(l) |
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Term
| how do you detect the presence of Pb2+ ions in the hot water filtrate? write the net ionic equation. |
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Definition
add K2CrO4:
Pb2+ + CrO42- --> PbCrO4 (s) which is yellow.
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Term
| what is the difference between gas and vapor? |
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Definition
| gas is a state of matter at room temperature. vapor is a PART of a substance below critical temperature that is in gaseous form. |
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Term
| as temperature increases, vapor pressure increases at a(n) ___________ rate |
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Definition
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