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| a wave's height from the origin to the crest |
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| light emitted by an element and passed through a prism |
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| regions in which electrons are likely to be found |
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| electrons enter orbitals of lower energy 1st |
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| electromagnetic radiation |
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| includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and gamma rays |
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Definition
| ways in which electrons are arranged around the nuclei of an atom |
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| region around the nucleus where the electron is likely to be moving |
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| number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time |
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Definition
| lowest energy level occupied by an electron |
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| SI unit of frequency (cycles/second) |
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| when electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbital until all the orbitals contain one electron with parallel spins |
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| Pauli exclusion principle |
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Definition
| an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons |
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Definition
| metals eject electrons called photoelectrons when light shines on them |
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| the amount of energy required to move an electron from its present energy level to the next higher one |
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| range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation |
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| distance between wave crests |
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Definition
| the modern description of electrons in atoms |
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Definition
| behavior of electons in same energy level |
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Definition
| behavior of electrons in different energy levels |
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Definition
| number says in what energy level the valence electrons are |
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| in pairs in opposite direction |
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Definition
| electrons in orbitals travel... |
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Term
| electrons in 3d have higher energy than 4s; 4s fills first, usually |
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| 3s (1p), 3p (3o), 3d (5o); 18e |
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Definition
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Term
| 4s (1o), 4p (3o), 4d (5o), 4f (7o); 32e |
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Definition
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Term
| 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d5,4s1 |
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Definition
| Cr electron configuration |
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Term
| 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d10,4s1 |
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Definition
| Cu electron configuration |
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Term
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Definition
| electromagnetic radiation accounted for by... |
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across period: decreases
down group: increases |
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Definition
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Term
across period: increases
down group: decreases |
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Definition
| ionization energy (p. t.) |
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Term
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Definition
| energy required to overcome the attraction of the nuclear charge and remove an electron from a gaseous atom |
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Term
across period: increases
down group: decreases |
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Definition
| electronegativity (p. t.) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/2 distance between the nuclei of two like atoms in a diatomic molecule |
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Term
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| tendency for the atoms of the element to attract electrons when they are chemically combined with atoms of another element |
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Term
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Definition
| elements in which the outermost sublevel is filled |
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Term
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Definition
| the outermost s or p sublevel is only partially filled |
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Term
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Definition
| outermost s sublevel and a nearby d sublevel contain electrons |
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Term
| it must have a full 4d first! |
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Definition
| if an atom has a full third energy level... |
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