Term
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Definition
| the chemical substance with which an organic compound reacts |
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Term
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Definition
one sigma bond breaks
one sigma bond forms at teh same carbon atom |
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Term
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Definition
two sigma bonds broken
one pi bond formed betwn adjacent atoms |
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Term
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Definition
one pi bond broken
2 sigma bonds formed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the unstable intermediate product |
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Term
| homolysis/homolytic cleavage |
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Definition
| electrons are divided equally (makes uncharged reactive intermediates) |
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Term
| heterolysis/heterolytic cleavage |
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Definition
| electrons both go to one atom (the more electronegative) (Makes charged intermediates) |
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Term
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Definition
| reactive intermediate with a single unpaired electron |
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Term
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Definition
change or heat of reaction (delta H)
delta H = sum of delta H bonds broken - sum of delta H bonds formed |
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Term
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Definition
+ endothermic
- exothermic |
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Term
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Definition
| related to energy and equilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
K eq. = products/starting materials
greater 1 = products favored
less than 1 = starting materials favored |
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Term
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Definition
=G products - G reactants
=-2.303 RTlog Keq.
R= 1.987
T= kelvin temp |
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Term
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Definition
K greater than 1 = delta G negative
K less than 1 = delta G positive |
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Term
| favored delta S (entropy change) |
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Definition
| increase in delta S are favored |
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Term
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Definition
negative delta H = products favored
positive delta H = startingn material favored |
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