Shared Flashcard Set

Details

chapters 8, 9, 10
questions
50
Astronomy
12th Grade
12/16/2012

Additional Astronomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the four moons of jupiter?
Definition
io, europa, ganymede, callisto
Term
What is saturn's moon?
Definition
ititan
Term
what is neptune's moon?
Definition
triton
Term
what is the most active moon?
Definition
io
Term
Io has a lot of ____on its surface.
Definition
craters
Term
Europa has ____.
Definition
water ice
Term
What two moons of jupiter are very similar?
Definition
ganymede and callisto
Term
____'s most obcious feature is a huge series of concentric ridges surrounding two large basins.
Definition
callisto
Term
Which moon has an atmosphere that is thicker and denser than earth's?
Definition
titan
Term
Why does Titan have a thick atmosphere when Ganymede and Callisto do not?
Definition
Titan has a much lower temperature than the other moons
Term
What is the smallest of the large moons?
Definition
triton
Term
___is the onlyy large jovian moon not to orbit in its parent planet's equatorial plane.
Definition
triton
Term
Describe Saturn's ring system.
Definition
three sings-A,B, and C rings. The A ring lies farthest from the planet and its separated from the B and C rings by a gap called the Cassinni division. A smaller gap known as the Encke Gap is found on the outer part of the A ring
Term
Which ring on saturn is brightest?
Definition
B
Term
the crtical distance inside which he moon is destrroyed
Definition
roche limit
Term
there is an F ring outside the A ring and it has two small moons orbiting around it that give it such a weird design. what are these two small moon called?
Definition
shepherd satellites
Term
when a planet passes in front of a bright star and momentarily dims the star's light
Definition
stellar occultation
Term
What is the name of Pluto's satellite?
Definition
charon
Term
the _____is by far teh largest satellite to object mass ratio in the solar system.
Definition
pluto charon system
Term
in total, what are the three moons of pluto?
Definition
nix, hydra, charon
Term
icy dwarf planets beyond neptune would collectively be known as _____.
Definition
plutoids
Term
What are the zones of the sun?
Definition
photosphere, chromosphere, transition zone, corona, solar wind, convection zone, radiation zone
Term
The part of the sun that emits the radiation we see is called the _____.
Definition
photosphere
Term
Just above the photosphere is the Sun's lower atmosphere, called the _____.
Definition
chromosphere
Term
Above the chromosphere lies a region called the _____where the temperatures rise dramatically.
Definition
transition zone
Term
a thin, hot upper atmosphere on the sun is the ______.
Definition
solar corona
Term
a thin, hot upper atmosphere on the sun is the ______.
Definition
solar corona
Term
The corona turns into the ____which flows away from the Sun and permeates teh entire solar system.
Definition
solar wind
Term
A region where the material of the sun is in constant convective motion:
Definition
the convection zone
Term
know the order of the zones of the sun
Definition
Term
below the convection zone lies the _____where solar energy is transported toward the surface by radian rather than convection.
Definition
radiation zone
Term
The ____is the site of powerful nuclear fusion reactions that generate the Sun's enormous energy output
Definition
core
Term
what is the luminosity of the sun
Definition
4 x 10^26 W
Term
the solar wind esapes mostly through solar "windows" called _____.
Definition
coronal holes
Term
a spot or patch appearing on the sun's surface, appear from time to time
Definition
sunspots
Term
What is the sunspot cycle?
Definition
the average number of spots reaches a maximum every eleven years
Term
The eleven year sunspot cycle is only half of a 22 year _____, the period needed for both the average number of spots and the Sun's overall magnetic polarity to repeat themselves.
Definition
solar cycle
Term
in the proton-proton chain, a total of six protons (and two electrons) are converted to two protons, one helium-4 nucleus, and two neutrinos. The two leftover protons are available as fuel for new proton-proton reactions, so the net effect is tha tfour protons are fused to form one helium-4 nucleus. Energy in the form of gamma rays is produced at each stages.
Definition
solar fusion
Term
massless particles that are produced in the proton-proton chain and escape from the sun
Definition
neutrinos
Term
parallax in arc seconds
Definition
par secs
Term
the distances to the nearest stars can be measured using ____.
Definition
parallax
Term
When we observe a star, we not its luminosity but rather its ____, the amount of energy striking unit area of some light-sensitive surface or device such as a human eye or a CCD chip per unit time.
Definition
apparent brightness
Term
the star's apparent brightness is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the star
Definition
inverse square law
Term
a measure of apparent brightness
Definition
apparent magnitude
Term
what are the spectral classes and how are they organized?
Definition
OBAFGKM...in order of decreasing temperature
Term
luminous, large, cool stars
Definition
red giants
Term
small, hot, faint stars
Definition
white dwarfs
Term
example of white dwarf
Definition
sirius b
Term
the process of using stellar spectra to infer distances is called _____.
Definition
spectroscopic parallax
Term
if the distance to a visual binary is known then the orbits of each component can be individually tracked and the masses of the components can be determined
Definition
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