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| Mental activitythat goes on in the brain when a person is processing information-organizing it, understanding it, and communicating it to others- is termed_____ |
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| PET scans have demonstrated that when you are creating a visual image______ |
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Definition
| providing evidence for role of visual cortex in mental imagery |
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| Concepts are ideas that represent ___ |
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Definition
| a class or category of objects, events or activities |
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| Compared to formal concepts learned in science and math, natural concepts tend to be _____ |
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Definition
| formed as the result of their experiences in real world |
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| The trial and error method of solving problems is also known as ____ |
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| What problem-solving strategies dont guarentee solutions but make efficient use of time? |
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| A seemingly arbitrary flash "out of the blue," through which the solution to a problem suddenly becomes apparent to you, but you do not consciously know how you "figuredit out," is called____ |
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| The main difference between the AI programs Deep Blue and Deep Junior is that Deep Blue used ___ whereas Deep Jounior was programmed to use ____ |
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| What term do psychologist use to describe our tendency to search for evidence that supports our belief and to ignore evidence that might disprove it? |
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| The tendancy to percieve and approach problems in the same ways that have worked in the padt is called ____ |
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| Ability to produce solutions that are unusual, inventive, novel, and appropriate is called ___ |
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| Which type of thinking is most closely related to creativity? |
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| A group of buisness men and woman get together to try to solve the problem of decreased sales of their compnay's products. one of them suggests that they generate as many ideas as they can in a short period of time without being critical of any of them. This technique of stimulating divergent thinking is called ____ |
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| The ability to understand the world, think rationally or logically, use resources efficiently when faced with challenges or problems is the psychologist working definiton of ___ |
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| An 8 year old child who scored like an average 10 year old intelligence test would have a mental age of ___ and an IQ of ____ |
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| Jane is 22 years old. for her job, she needs to take and intelligence test. which would be the most appropriate test for her age group? |
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| Psychologist tests that yeild relatively consistent results are said to be ____ |
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| A psychological test that measures what we intend to measure is said to be ____ |
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| Which of the following is a desirable characteristic of culture-fair test? |
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Definition
| whatever doesnt discriminate or create a disadvantage for different cultures |
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| Which of these is an element of the formal definition of mental retardation? |
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Definition
| IQ falls below 70 or 2 sd below average, not adaptive behavior skills |
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| People are termed gifted in terms of intelligence if their IQ is above _____ |
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| Having a high IQ doesnt always guarentee sucess. Terman and Oden (AU: Oden? see question 99) examined the most and least sucessful me in their sample of gifted individuals. the most sucessfull were the ____ |
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Definition
| healthier, less likely to be divorsed and nonalcholics |
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Term
| what 3 types of intelligence constitute Sternberg's Triarchic theory of intelligence? |
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Definition
| goal oriented, more persistent in pursuing goals and self confident |
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| Howard Gardner and Robert sternberg agree to be interveiwed together on the topic of intelligence. At the end of the interveiw, what do you conclude is their major point of agreement? |
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Definition
| standardized test arent the only way intelligence ahould be measured |
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| Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences divides intelligence into _____ independant abilities. |
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| If intelligence is determined primarily by heredity, which should show the highest correlation bewtween IQ scores? |
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| Which of the following statements is true about language? |
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Definition
| is a system for combining symbols so that an infinite number of meaningful statemnets can be made for purpose of communicating with others |
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| The system of rules for combining words and phrases to make meaningful sentences is caled ____. |
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| The word playing consist of two morphemes, play and ing. Play is a good example of ____ morpheme. |
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Definition
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| The linguistic relativity hypothesis suggests that _____. |
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Definition
| thought processes and concepts are controlled by language |
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| Reasearchers have found that ____ influenced by culture |
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| Which of the following statements is true about Kanzi, the bonobo chimp? |
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Definition
| he was able to learn 150 english words, follow compact instructs compared to a 2 year old |
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Term
| You are worried that your aging father might develop senile dementia. What advice might you want to give him? |
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Definition
| do crossword puzzles, take classes, read and stay mentally active |
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Term
| Process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met is called ___ |
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| A desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or avoid punishment is known as ____ |
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| Which statement about motivation is true? |
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Definition
| energizes and directs behavior |
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| What do we call biologically determined, innate patterns of behavior? |
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| Which of the following behaviors is NOT an example of drive-reduction theory? |
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Definition
| an approach to motivation that assumes behaviors arise from psychological needs |
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Term
| Thirst, sexual desire, and hunger are examples of ____ drives. |
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Definition
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| Drives that are learned through experience are called _____ drives |
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| nAch is an abbreviation for ____ |
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Definition
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| The need for achievement involves a strong desire to suceed in attaining goals |
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Definition
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| According to Carol Dweek, need for achievement is closely related to ____ |
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| Glenn believes he can learn from his mistakes and that study and preseverance will help him improve his intelligence. According to Dweek, what locus of control does Glenn have? |
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| Sydney said, "I don't care much about my grades as long as im the most popular girl in class!" what need is this? |
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Definition
| need for affiliation (nAFF) |
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| Indiana Jones goes off to foreign lands in search of artifacts hiddden in dangerous places and guarded by feirce protectors. Dr. Jones would be described as ____ in arousal theory |
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Definition
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| The Yerkes-dodson law says _____ |
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Definition
| performance is related to arousal |
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| Lester has high test anxiety, which tends to affect his test performance even though he studies a lot. According to Yerkes-Dodson law, which of the following activities will help lester improve his performance? |
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Definition
| mantaining an optimal level of arousal |
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Term
| Although Kim just ate a huge meal and feels "stuffed," the idea of a chocolate sundae is too good to pass up, so she orders one. which motivational term explains the appeal of the sundae? |
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Definition
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Term
| which level of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy is epitomized by the US army's slogan "Be all you can be"? |
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Definition
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| Which of these is the correct sequence of Abraham Maslow heiracrchy of needs from the lowest to highest? |
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Definition
| psychologica, safety, love, esteem, cognative, desthetic, self |
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Term
| Self-determination theory (SDT) best fits which type of motivation? |
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Definition
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| Intrinsic motivation is one that propels a person to pursue an activity _____ |
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Definition
| because act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal matter |
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Term
| The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) may be involved in _____ |
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Definition
| stoppin th eeating responce when glucose level goes up |
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Term
| The concept of "comfort food" suggest eating _____ |
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Definition
| can be immediate escape from whatever is unpleaseant |
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| The highest rate of obesity in the world is found in ____ |
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Definition
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| Which hormone is secreted into the bloodstream by fatty tissue to signal the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food, reducing appetite and increasing the feeling of being full? |
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Definition
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Term
| People who are attempting to become extremely thin by refusing to eat suffer from____ |
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Definition
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| Which individual has the highest risk for developing anorexia nervosa? |
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Definition
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| An eating disorder characterized by eating binges followed by self induced vomiting is called ____ |
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Definition
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Term
the nerotransmitter asociated with anorexia nervosa and bulimia is
_____ |
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Definition
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| The part of the brain that seems to influence emotion is called____ |
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Definition
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| A psychologist who has studied emotions with Paul Ekman for decades is going to present a summary of the research. Which title might this psychologist consider? |
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Definition
| facial expressions communicate emotions |
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Term
| which theory of emotion proposes that stimuli cause physiological changes in our bodies emotions result from those physiological changes? |
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Definition
| james-lange theory of emotion |
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Term
| Which theory maintains that emotion is caused by interaction of phsiological changes and the cognitive labeling of the reson for the physical reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Schachter and Singer proposed that 2 things have to happen before emotion occurs: _____ and ____ |
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Definition
| physical arousal and labeling of arousal based on cues from the surrounding environment |
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Term
| Facial feedback hypothesis is defined as ____ |
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Definition
| theory of emotion that assumes facial expressions provide feedback to brain |
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Term
| According to cognitive-mediational theories, appraisal of the situation would come ___ the physical arousal and ____ the experience of emotion |
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