Term
| Rutherford's model of the atom (nuclear) did not explain what two things regarding electrons? |
|
Definition
| how the electrons occupy the space around the nucleus and why the negatively charged electrons aren't pulled into the atom's positively charged nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Analysis of light helped determine that an atom's chemical reactivity is due to the arrangement of its what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space? |
|
Definition
| electromagnetic radiation |
|
|
Term
| What is the number of waves that pass a given point per second? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the greek letter frequency is represented by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the shortest distance between equivalent points on continuous wave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What greek letter is wavelength represented by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a wave's height from the origin to a crew or origin to a trough? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The higher the frequency of a wave, the ______ its wavelength. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lower the frequency of a wave, the __________ the wavelength. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When white light is bent by a prism, it forms a series of colors. List the acronym that represents these colors. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet |
|
|
Term
| Which color has the shortest wavelength and the greets energy at what value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which color has the shortest wavelength and least energy at what value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Max Planck concluded that matter can gain or lose energy only in small, specific amounts called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum amount of energy that can be gain or lost by an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the number value with units of Planck's constant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When electrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1905, Einstein props that electromagnetic radiation was both ____________ and _________ _____ natures. |
|
Definition
| wavelike and particle like |
|
|
Term
| What is a particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of an element (like neon)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the lowest allowable energy state of an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What state is it called when an atom gains energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When an atom drops back from excited to the ground state, it emits what that corresponds wight he amount of energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Bohr compare his model to? (it takes energy to get up and you cannot go in between) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three series that describe hydrogen's spectral lines? |
|
Definition
| Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen |
|
|
Term
| Which series describes hydrogen's spectral lines for the ultraviolet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which series that describes hydrogen's spectral lines for visible lines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What series describes hydrogen's spectral lines are for the infrared? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who worked on Bohr's model and made the assumption that particles of matter like electrons may act like what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What states it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time? |
|
Definition
| Heisenburg uncertainty principle |
|
|
Term
| Schrodinger developed an atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves called what? |
|
Definition
| the quantum mechanical model of the atom |
|
|
Term
| What is a three dimensional region around the nucleus that describes an electron's probable location? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All "s" orbitals are what shaped? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All "p" orbitals are what shaped? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arrangement of electrons in an atom called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbital? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite spins? |
|
Definition
| The Pauli exclusion principle |
|
|
Term
| What are electrons in an atom's outermost orbital? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do valence electrons do? |
|
Definition
| determine chemical reactivity of the atom |
|
|
Term
| What structure did Lewis devise that consists of the element's symbol which represents the atomic nucleus and inner level electrons, surrounded by dots representing the atoms's what? |
|
Definition
| electron dot, valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| All stars are composed manly of what two gases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What one element that does not occur naturally on Earth but is found in stars using a spectroscope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who developed the first periodic table in 1869? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How was the first periodic table arranged? |
|
Definition
| by increasing atomic mass into columns with similar properties |
|
|
Term
| Who changed the way the elements were arranged on the periodic table? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number that is stated in what law? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the horizontal rows of elements called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The groups designated with a B are referred to as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The groups designated by an A are referred to as what and why? |
|
Definition
| representative elements bc of a wide range of chemical and physical properties |
|
|
Term
| What are elements that are shiny, solid at room temperature, good conductors of heat and electricity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is metal that can be pounded into thin sheets called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term for when metals can be drawn into wires? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the periodic table, what color are the metals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the periodic table, what color are the nonmetals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the periodic table, what color are the metalloids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elements in group 1A except what element are called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elements in 2A are called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the elements that are considered metalloids? |
|
Definition
| boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, polonium, astantine |
|
|
Term
| What are the only two elements on the periodic table that are liquids at room temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the inner transition metals consist of and are located at the bottom of the table? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the elements in the B element position? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are generally brittle or gases, or dull looking solids and are poor conductors of heat and electricity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the highly reactive 7A elements called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the highly nonreactive 8A elects called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two metalloids are used in computer chips and solar cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atoms of the same what have similar chemical properties why? |
|
Definition
| group, they have the same number of valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| What is the only noble gas that has two valence electrons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which groups of elements make up the p block? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which groups make up the f block? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which group makes up the s block? |
|
Definition
| 1A and 2A plus hydrogen and helium |
|
|
Term
| Which groups make up the d block? |
|
Definition
transition metals (largest block)
1B-8B and Uuq |
|
|
Term
| What is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the sample/s composition? |
|
Definition
|
|
