Term
| how many phyla are vertebrates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The majority of the African continant was a tropical rainforest about how many years ago? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a bipedal primate (walks on hind legs) |
|
|
Term
| when did the first hominid evolve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the only surviving hominids are.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is true about ultraviolet radiation from the sun? |
|
Definition
- it helps make vitamin D in your skin.
-It is absorbed by melanin pigments in your skin
-it simulates skin cells to produce more melanin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Origin of our known universe. (Big Bang, and Nucleosynthesis. All 92 elements where formed) |
|
|
Term
| how many year ago did the Earth cool and solidify. |
|
Definition
| About 4.5 BYA ( Iron formations are solid black in rock that is 4-4.6 BYO indication no free oxygen gas in the atmosphere. ) |
|
|
Term
| how old are the oldest fossil cells of any kind? and what kind of cells are they? |
|
Definition
3.5 BYA
Prokaryotic cells |
|
|
Term
| when did oxygen gas levels increase due to photosynthesis? |
|
Definition
| 3 BYA (banded iron formations, stromatolites, and cyanobacteria.) |
|
|
Term
| what was the first air pollution and what was it caused by. |
|
Definition
| 3 BYA by oxygen gas. (many anaerobic prokaryotes died) |
|
|
Term
| when did the first Eukaryotic cells come? and what kind? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first fungi, plants, and animals come when? |
|
Definition
| .5-1 BYA (first animals are invertebrates and sponges were the first simple animals) |
|
|
Term
| fungi/plants/animals start to colonize the land when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the first reptiles/ dinosaurs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dinosaurs rule the earth. the only mammals are very small and nocturnal omnivores. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Asteroid hits earth and mammals begin "Explosive speciation/ adaptive radiation" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Changes in the African environment from mostly forest to a mixture with much open savannah. (Bipedalism, manipulation objects with hands, the finally evolution of larger brains.) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the first law of Thermodynamics? |
|
Definition
| Energy can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy and matter in the Universe remains constant, merely changing from one form to another. The First Law of Thermodynamics (Conservation) states that energy is always conserved, it cannot be created or destroyed. In essence, energy can be converted from one form into another. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Second law of Thermodynamics? |
|
Definition
| The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that "in all energy exchanges, if no energy enters or leaves the system, the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial state." This is also commonly referred to as entropy. A watchspring-driven watch will run until the potential energy in the spring is converted, and not again until energy is reapplied to the spring to rewind it. A car that has run out of gas will not run again until you walk 10 miles to a gas station and refuel the car. Once the potential energy locked in carbohydrates is converted into kinetic energy (energy in use or motion), the organism will get no more until energy is input again. In the process of energy transfer, some energy will dissipate as heat. Entropy is a measure of disorder: cells are NOT disordered and so have low entropy. The flow of energy maintains order and life. Entropy wins when organisms cease to take in energy and die. |
|
|
Term
| It is highly probable that there are some of the exact same hydrogen atoms in your body today that were once in the body of a dinosaur that died 100 million years ago. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nonliving condition or thing, as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it: Abiotic factors can determine which species of organisms will survive in a given environment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a living thing, as an animal or plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem: How do humans affect other biotic factors? Weather is not a biotic factor because it is not alive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy Source (solar, hydrothermal vent, chemical bonds)
Temperature
Water
Inorganic Nutrients
Oxygen gas in aquatic environments
Wind and Fire in terrestrial environments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Predators
Parasites
Pathogens (Bacteria and viruses)
Available food. |
|
|
