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Chapters 1- 3 Vocab Workshop
words, synonyms, antonyms, definitions, and part of speech for units 1-3
62
English
8th Grade
12/21/2009

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Term
adage
Definition
(n) a proverb/ wise saying
Synonyms- maxim, saw, aphorism
Term
bonanza
Definition
(n) a rich mass of ore in a mine; something very valuble, profitable, or rewarding; a source of wealth or prosperity; a very large amount; sudden profit or gain
synonyms: windfall
Term
churlish
Definition
(adj) lacking politeness or good manners; lacking sensitivity; difficult to work or to deal with
Synonyms- surly; ill-tempered
Antonyms- courteous; civil;
well-mannered
Term
citadel
Definition
(n) a fortress that overlooks/ protects a city; any strong/ commanding place
Synonyms- fort; stronghold; bulwark; bastion
Term
collaborate
Definition
(v) to work with; work together
synonyms- team up; join forces
antonym- work alone
Term
decree
Definition
(n) an order having a force of law
(v) to issue such an order; command forcefully
synonyms- (n) proclomation; edict
(v) proclaim
Term
discordant
Definition
(adj) disagreeable in sound, jarring, lacking in harmony, conflicting
synonyms- grating; shrill; different; divergent
antonyms- harmonious; in agreement
Term
evolve
Definition
(v) to develop gradually; rise to a higher level
synonyms- unfold; emerge
antonyms- wither; shrivel up; atrophy
Term
excerpt
Definition
(n) a passage taken from a book or literature
(v) to take such a passage; to quote
synonyms- (n) portion; section; extract
Term
grope
Definition
(v) to feel hesitantly with hands; to search blindly and uncertainly
synonyms- fumble for; cast about for
Term
hover
Definition
(v)to float/ hang/ suspend over; to mover back and forth uncertainly over/ around
synonyms- linger, waver, seesaw
antonyms- soar
Term
jostle
Definition
(v) to make or force one's way by pushing or elbowing' to bump, shove, push against; to compete for
synonyms-push
Term
laggard
Definition
(n) a person who moves slowly or falls behind
(adj) slow to move, act, or respond
synonyms- (n)slowpoke;straggler
(adj) sluggish
antonyms- (n) early bird;
(adj) swift; speedy; prompt
Term
plaudits
Definition
(n;pl) applause; enthusiastic praise or approval
synonyms- cheers; acclaim
antonyms- boos; disapproval; ridicule
Term
preclude
Definition
(v) to make impossible; prevent; shut out
synonyms- hinder; check; stop
antonyms- help; promote; facilitate
Term
revert
Definition
(v) to return; go back
synonyms- hinder; stop; check
antonyms- help; promote; facilitate
Term
rubble
Definition
(n) broken stone or bricks; ruins
synonyms- wreckage; debris
Term
servile
Definition
(adj) of or relating to a slave; behaving like or suitable for a slave or servant, menial; lacking spirit or independence; abjectly submissive
synonyms- slavish,groveling, fawning
antonyms- masterly; overboarding
Term
vigil
Definition
(n) to watch, especially at night; any period of watchful attention
Term
wrangle
Definition
(v) to quarrel or argue in a noisy/ angry way; to obtain by argument; to herd
(n) a noisy quarrel
synonyms- squabble; bicker
antonyms-agree; concur
Term
antics
Definition
(n;pl) ridiculous and unpredictable behavior or actions
synonyms- pranks; shenanigans
Term
avowed
Definition
(adj; part) declared openly and without shame; adknowledged
synonyms- admitted; sworn
antonyms- unacknowledged;undisclosed
Term
banter
Definition
(v) to exchange playful remarks; tease
(n) talk that is playful and teasing
synonyms- (n)joking; raillery
antonyms- (n)serious talk
Term
bountiful
Definition
(adj) giving freely; generous; plentiful; given abundantly
synonyms-liberal;abundant;copious
antonyms-scarce; scanty; in short supply
Term
congested
Definition
(adj; part) overcrowded; filled or occupied to excess
synonyms-jammed; packed; choked
antonyms-uncluttered; inimpeded
Term
detriment
Definition
(n) harm or loss; injury; damage; a disadvantage; a cause of harm, injury, loss, or damage
synonyms-hindrance; liability
antonyms-advantage; help; plus
Term
durable
Definition
(adj) sturdy; not easily worn out or destroyed; lasting for a long time
(n; pl) consumer goods used repeatedly over a series of years
synonyms- (adj) long lasting; enduring
antonyms- (adj) fragile; perishable; fleeting; ephemeral
Term
enterprising
Definition
(adj) entergetic; willing and able to start something new' showing boldness and imagination
synonyms-vigorous; ambitious; aggressive; audacious
antonyms- lazy; indolent; timid; diffident
Term
frugal
Definition
(adj) economical; avoiding waste and luxury; scanty; poor; meager
synonyms- thrifty; skimpy
antonyms-wasteful; improvident; lavish; extravagant
Term
gingerly
Definition
(adj; adv)with extreme care or caution
synonyms- cautiously;warily; circumspectly
antonyms-firmly;confidently;aggressivley
antonyms-
Term
glut
Definition
(v) to provide more than is needed or wanted; to feed or fill to the point of overstuffing
(n)an oversupply
synonyms-(v)flood;inundate
(n)surplus;plethora
antonyms-(n)shortage;scarcity;dearth; paucity
Term
incognito
Definition
(adv; adj) in a disguised state; under an assumed name or identity
(n) the state of being disguised; a person in disguise
antonym- undisguised
Term
invalidate
Definition
(v) to make valueless; take away all force or effect
synonyms-cancel;annul;dissaprove; discredit
antonyms-support;confirm;back up;legalize
Term
legendary
Definition
(adj)described in well- known stories; exiating in old stories(legends) rather than in real life
synonyms-mythical;fabulous;famous;
celebrated
Term
maim
Definition
(v) to cripple;disable; injure; mar; disfigure; mutilate
Term
minimize
Definition
(v)to make as small as possible; make the least of; to make smaller than before
Synonyms-belittle;downplay;underrate
Antonyms-magnify;enlarge;exaggerate
Term
oblique
Definition
(adj)slanting or sloping; not straightforward or direct
Synonyms-diagonal;indirect
Antonyms-direct;straight to the point
Term
veer
Definition
(v)to change direction or course suddenly;turn aside;shift; swerve
Term
venerate
Definition
(v)to regard with reverence;look up to with great respect
synonyms-worship;admire;idolize
antonyms-despise;detest;ridicule;deride
Term
wanton
Definition
(adj)reckless;heartless;unjustifiable; loose in morals
(n)a spoiled,pampered person;one with low morals
synonyms-(adj)rash;malicious;spiteful;unprovoked
antonyms-(adj)justified;morally strict;responsible
Term
allot
Definition
(v)to assign to distribute in shares or portions
synonyms-apportion;parcel out;allocate
Term
amass
Definition
(v) to bring together,collect,gather especially for oneself; to come together/assemble
synonyms-accumulate;pile up;garner
antonyms-scatter;dissipate;squander; waste
Term
audacious
Definition
(adj)bold;adventurous;recklessly daring
Synonyms-enterprising;brave
antonyms-timid;cowardly
Term
comply
Definition
(v)to yield a request or command
synonyms-submit to;consent to;acquiesce in
Antonyms-reject;refuse;decline
Term
devoid
Definition
(adj) not having or using; lacking
synonyms-wanting;bereft
antonyms-full;teeming;abounding
Term
elite
Definition
(n)the choice part of a group of people or things
(adj)superior
synonyms-cream of the crop;upper crust
antonyms-rank and file;dregs of society
Term
grapple
Definition
(n)an iron hook used to grab and hold
(v)to come to grips with; wrestle/fight with
synonyms-(v)tackle;confront;struggle with
Term
incapacitate
Definition
(v)to deprive of strength or ability;to make legally ineligible
synonyms-disable;debilitate;paralyze; cripple
antonyms-rehabilitate;restore
Term
instigate
Definition
(v)to urge on;stir up,provoke,start,incite
Antonyms-stop;quell;squelch;quash
Term
longetivity
Definition
(n)a long life;long duration;length of life
Antonyms-brevity;transience
Term
longevity
Definition
(n)a long life;long duration;length of life
Antonyms-brevity;transience
Term
myriad
Definition
(adj)in very great numbers
(n) a very great number
Synonyms-(adj)innumerable; countless
Antonyms-(adj)few;scant;sparse
Term
perspective
Definition
(n)a point of view or general standpoint from which different things are viewed, physically or mentally;the appearance to the eye of various objects at a given time,place, or distance
Synonyms-viewpoint; sense of proportion
Term
perturb
Definition
(v)to trouble;make uneasy;to disturb greatly; to throw into confusion
synonyms-upset;agitate;anger;irritate
antonyms-delight;gladden;please
Term
prodigious
Definition
(adj)immense;extraordinary in bulk, size, or degree
Synonyms-gigantic;tremendous;astounding
Antonyms-puny;minuscule;insignificant
Term
relevant
Definition
(adj)connected with or related to the matter at hand
Synonyms-pertinent;germane;applicable
Antonyms-unconnected;extraneous
Term
skittish
Definition
(adj)extremely nervous and easily frightened; shy or timid; extremely cautious; unstable; undependable
Synonyms-jumpy;restive;capricious;fickle
Antonyms-bold;daring;reckless;cool;unflappable
Term
tether
Definition
(n)a rope or chain used to fasten something to a fixed object;the outer limit of strength or resources
(v
Term
tether
Definition
(n)a rope or chain used to fasten something to a fixed object;the outer limit of strength or resources
(v)to fasten with a rope or a chain
Synonyms-tie up; chain up;leash
Antonyms-untie; let loose
Term
unison
Definition
(n)a sounding together;agreement or accord
Synonyms-harmony;concord;assent
Term
vie
Definition
(v)to compete;to strive for victory or superiority
Synonyms-contend;rival
Term
willful
Definition
(adj)stubbornly sell-willed; done on purpose;deliberate
Synonyms-headstrong;obstinate; premeditated
Antonyms-docile;obedient;tractable
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