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Chapters 12-14
annoying
52
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
07/25/2007

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Term
Incest Taboo?
Definition
forbids intercource among related individuals
Term
Nuclear Family?
Definition
basic family form.
married couple w/kids.
Term
Polygamous families?
Definition
nuclear fam's linked by multiple marriage bonds of one central spouse.
(2 types)
Term
polyGYNOUS family?
Definition
central person-male, spouses are female.
Term
polyANDROUS family?
Definition
central-female, male spouses.
Term
Extended families?
Definition
other relations & generations in addition to nuclear family. gparents, siblings, in-laws.
Term
Patrilineal system?
Definition
generations are tied together through MALES of family.
Term
Matrilineal system?
Definition
generations tied together by FEMALE.
Term
Bilateral system?
Definition
descent passes through both male & female families.
Term
Patriarchal family?
Definition
most family affairs are dominated by men.
Term
Matriarchal family?
Definition
most family affairs are dominated by women.
Term
Marriage?
Definition
social & legitmized union of individuals of opposite sexes.
Term
Families of Origin?
Definition
the two families that produced the two spouses.
Term
Family of Procreation?
Definition
family created by the marriage of spouses.
Term
Endogamy?
Definition
rules that limit social categories inwhich one can choose a marriage partner.
Term
Exogamy?
Definition
require an individual to marry someone outside his or her culturally defined group.

merien has to marry jimmy.
Term
Monogamous?
Definition
only allowed one spouse at a time.
Term
Multiple marriages?
Definition
individual may have more than one spouse.
Term
Marital Residence rules?
Definition
govern where a couple settles down.
Term
Patrilocal residence?
Definition
calls for a new couple to settle down near or within the husbands fathers household.
Term
Matrilocal Residence?
Definition
calls for the new couple to settle down near or within the wifes mothers household.
Term
Bilocal residence?
Definition
new couples choose whether to live near husbands or wifes family of origin.
Term
Neolocal residence?
Definition
couple may choose to live virtually anywhere.

this is how it is in the US.
Term
Homogamy?
Definition
tendency of like to marry like.
Term
Companionate marriage?
Definition
marriage based on romantic love.
Term
Cohabitation?
Definition
unmarried couples living together

"living in sin"
Term
Religion?
Definition
system of beliefs and values shared by a group.
defines the sacred, helps explain life, and offers salvation for problems of human existence.
Term
Profane?
Definition
consists of all empirically observable things, things that are knowable throuhg common knowledge, and everyday experiences.
Term
Sacred?
Definition
things that are awe inspiring and knowable only through extraordinary experiences.
Term
Rituals?
Definition
pattern of behavior or practices that are related to the sacred.
Term
Prayer?
Definition
means for individual to address or communicate with supernatural beigns or forces.
Term
Magic?
Definition
active attempt to coerce spirits or to control supernatural forces.
differs from religious beliefs in that god or gods are not worshipped.
Term
Supernaturalism?
Definition
existence of supernatural forms, can and often do, influence human events.
Term
Mana?
Definition
diffuse, force that acts through anything that lives or moves. not harmful.
Term
Religious taboo?
Definition
sacred prohibition against touching, mentioning, or looking at certain objects, acts or people.
Term
Animism?
Definition
belief in inanimate, ghosts of ancestors that take an interest in, and actively work to influence, human affairs.
-beings with feelings, motives, and wills of their own.
Term
Theism?
Definition
belief in devine beings-gods and godesses-who shape human affairs.
Term
Polytheism?
Definition
belief in a number of gods.
Term
Monotheism?
Definition
belief in one god.
Term
Abstract ideals?
Definition
focus on the achievment of personal awareness of correct ways of thinking and behaving, rather than manipulating spirits or worshipping gods.
Term
Totem?
Definition
object, plant or animal, becomes sacred symbol to and of group/clan. not only revere the totem, but identify with it.
Term
Revitalization movements?
Definition
powerful religious movements that stress a return to tradtional religious values of past.
Term
Alienation?
Definition
process by which people lose control over and social institutions they themselves invented.
Term
Universal church?
Definition
all members of a society within one united moral community.
Term
Ecclesia?
Definition
church that chares teh same ethical system as secular society and has come to represent and promote the interest of the society at large.
Term
Denomination?
Definition
tends to limit its membership to a particular class, ethnic group, religious group, or atleast have its leadership postions dominated as so.
Term
Sect?
Definition
small group that adheres stictly to religious doctrine and often includes unconventional beliefs or forms of worship.
Term
millenarian movements?
Definition
typically prophesy the end of the world, destruction of evil ppl and their works, and saving of the just.
Term
Secularized?
Definition
less influenced by religion.
Term
Ecumenism?
Definition
trend among many religious communities to draw together and project a sense of unity and common direction.
Term
Cultural transmission?
Definition
major portions of societys knowledge are passed from one generation to the next.
Term
DE JURE segregation?
Definition
laws prohibiting one racial group form attending school with another.
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