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Definition
| one-celled organism formed by the union of a sperm and an egg |
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| first two weeks after conception |
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| two weeks-end of second month |
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| 2 months-birth. mother can feel baby moving |
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Definition
| baby can survive premature birth, between 22-26 weeks |
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Definition
| progression of muscular coordination required for phys. activities |
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Definition
| head-to-food direction of motor development |
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Definition
| center-outward direction of motor development |
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Definition
| development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one's genetic blueprint |
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Definition
| happy, regular in sleep and eating, and not readily upset |
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Definition
| less cheery, less regular in sleep and eating, slower in adapting to change |
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| glum, erratic in sleep and eating, resistant to change, relatively irritable |
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Definition
| the close, emotional bond of affection that develop between infants and their caregivers |
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Definition
| emotional distress when separated from caregivers, 6-18 months |
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Definition
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Definition
| infants are genetically programmed to behave in ways that trigger affectionate, protective response from adults |
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Definition
| secure, anxious-ambivalent, avoidant |
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Term
| piaget's stage development |
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Definition
birth-2 years: sensorimotor pd
2-7 years: preoperational pd
7-11: concrete operational pd
11-adulthood: formal operational pd |
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Term
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Definition
| object permanence (birth-2) |
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Term
| piaget's preoperational pd |
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Definition
| cannot do conservation tasks (conservation of matter) (2-7) |
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Term
| piage's concrete operational pd |
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Definition
| can do conservation tasks (7-11) |
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Term
| piaget's formal operational pd |
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Definition
| thoughts are abstract, symbolic, logical, reflective (11-adulthood) |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 1 |
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Definition
| trust v. mistrust (0-1): "is my world predictable and supportive?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 2 |
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Definition
| autonomy v. shame and doubt (2-3): "can i do things for myself or must i always rely on others?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 3 |
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Definition
| initiative v. guilt (4-6): "am i good or am i bad?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 4 |
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Definition
| industry v. inferiority (6-puberty): "am i competent or worthless?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 5 |
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Definition
| identity v. confusion (10-18): "where am i going and who am i?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 6 |
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Definition
| intimacy v. isolation (early adulthood, 18-30s): "shall i share my life with another or live alone?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 7 |
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Definition
| generativity v. self absorption (mid 30s-50s): "will i produce something of real value for the world?" |
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Term
| erikson's stage theory - 8 |
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Definition
| integrity v. despair (late adulthood, 50s+): "have i lived a full life?" |
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Term
| personality (2 definitions) |
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Definition
1. stability in a person's behavior over time and across situations (consistency)
2. behavioral differences among people reacting to the same situations (distinctiveness) |
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Term
| five-factor model of personality traits (mccrae & costa) |
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Definition
| conscientiousness, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness |
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Definition
| constraint, messiness, organization |
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Definition
| negative emotionality, insecurity |
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Definition
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Definition
| imaginative, open to new ideas, adventurous, traditional |
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Definition
| trusting, suspicious, helpful |
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Term
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Definition
| pleasure principle, primary process thinking (biological urges). unconscious |
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Term
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Definition
| morals. unconscious/preconscious/conscious |
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Term
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Definition
| reality principle, secondary process thinking. rational. conscious/preconscious |
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Term
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Definition
| behavioral. "personality is collection of response tendencies tied to various experiences w/ reinforcement and punishment" |
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Term
| bandura's personality theory |
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Definition
| social cognitive. observational learning, environment influences behavior/behavior influences environment |
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Term
| roger's personality theory |
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Definition
| humanistic. "collection of beliefs about one's own nature, unique qualities, and typical behaviors" |
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Term
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Definition
| self concept and actual experience overlap |
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Definition
| self concept and actual experience do not overlap |
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Term
| evolutionary perspectives on personality |
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Definition
| natural selection has favored "big five" personality traits |
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Term
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Definition
| pursuit of a goal is thwarted |
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Term
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Definition
| incompatible motivations or behaviors compete for expression |
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Term
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Definition
| significant alterations in living circumstances that require readjustments |
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Term
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Definition
| expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way |
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Term
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Definition
| active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress |
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Term
| bad coping strategies (3) |
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Definition
-give up, blame self
-blame others, strike out
-indulging |
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Term
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Definition
| self-deception to avoid anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
-confront probs directly
-realistic appraisal of stress/coping
-recognize/inhibit disruptive emotional stress reactions
-humor
-talk/write
-take care of body |
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Term
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Definition
| children hugely influenced by models around them (parents, older children, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| moral development determined by cognitive development |
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