Term
|
Definition
produces genetically identical organisms
occurs in many single-celled organisms and in some multicellular organisms
allows rapid reproduction of organisms in favorable environments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
produces organisms with genetic information from both parents
occurs in most animals and plants and in many single-celled organisms
increases biodiversity, which aids species survival in changing climates |
|
|
Term
| as the cell's size increases, its DNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the amount of activity in a cell is related to its |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the smeller the cell, the (blank) its surface area to volume rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| packages of DNA that hold together a cell's genetic material. |
|
|
Term
| what makes up a chromosome? |
|
Definition
| chromatin--> histones----> nucleosomes ----> chromosomes |
|
|
Term
| cell division tend to (blank) when the healing process nears completion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| once apoptosis is triggered, the cell begins to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| growth factors that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eurkaryote cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell that contains both sets of genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell that contains one set of genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA winded around histone proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two identical copies of a chromatin attached by a centromere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosome pairs, one from each parent, similar in length, gene position and centromere location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disorder in which cells divide uncontrollably |
|
|
Term
| why can cancer be life threatening? |
|
Definition
| they absorb nutrients needed by other cells, block nerve connections, and prevent the organ they invade to function properly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| web-like structure that is made of microtublules and arranges and moves chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each side of a chromosome (sister chromatids) |
|
|
Term
| what happens during G1 phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens during S phase? |
|
Definition
| the cell replicates its DNA |
|
|
Term
| what happens during G2 phase? |
|
Definition
| the cell preps for mitosis by producing organelles and materials for division |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genetic material condenses, spindle forms, connect to centromeres |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| duplicated chromosomes line up and spindles connect centromeres |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sister chromatids move toward centrioles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosomes unwind and nuclear membrane forms |
|
|
Term
| what do growth factors do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process where individual cells become specialized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fertilized egg and the first few cells in an embryo are able to form any kind of cell and tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| embryonic stage that consists of a hollow ball of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they are able to become any type of body cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adult stem cells that can product many types of differentiated cells |
|
|
Term
| disadvantages vs advantages of stem cell research |
|
Definition
advantages: repair and replacement of damaged cells and tissues
disadvantages: controversial because it involves ethical issues of life and death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is made when two gametes unite in meiosis ii |
|
|
