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| Interpersonal Commuication |
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Definition
| Personal contacts, build connections, and establish a relationship with another individuals. |
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| the ability to communicate effectively |
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| the content of our communication |
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| the senders and receivers of communication messages |
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| the media through which a message travels |
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| interference with our ability to send or receive messages |
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| information received in exchange for messages |
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| the environmental, situational, or cultural setting in which the communication takes place |
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| the result of the communication episode |
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| effect of an interaction that an individual brings to every communication |
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| ongoing, continuous, and in a constant state of flux |
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| not individual behavioral acts, provide the basis for understanding interpersonal communications. |
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| predicting behavior in individuals more than others |
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| Retrospective sense making |
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| making sense of our own behavior |
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| helps us fully understand the interpersonal interactions that we experience |
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| the ability to understand that the role of cultural prescriptions play in shaping communication |
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| nurture loyalty to a group |
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| masculinity and feminity that culture shapes |
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| the reality we depict for us in all the media we see |
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| Computer-mediated communication |
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| The internet and how it alters the nature of our interactions |
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| culture whose thought-world is monopolized by technology |
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| everything we think and feel about ourselves |
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| our positive or negative evaluation of our self-concept |
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| reflected appraisal theory |
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| image we derive from our contacts with others and then project into our future experiences |
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| we compare ourselves to others to develop a feel for how our talents, abilities, and qualities measure up to theirs |
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| selected behaviors in an effort to make the desired impression |
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| verbalize a prediction or internalize an expectation that comes true simply because we act as if it were already true |
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| living up to positive labels |
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| hold low expectations for a person |
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| cultures in which group goals are given a higher priority than individual goals |
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| cultures where individual identity is paramount |
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| primarily individualistic |
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| collectivist way of thinking |
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| the extent to which individuals are willing to accept power differntials |
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| how much the media makes us what we want to believe |
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| process we use to make sense of our experiences |
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| data that is selected and organized |
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| filling in a missing perceptual piece |
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| the tendency to maintain the same perception of stimuli over time |
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| mental templates or knowledge structures we carry with us |
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| the general ideas we have about people and situations and how things should play out |
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| understanding of why we respond as we do to persons and events |
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| understanding of why we respond as we do to persons and events |
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| fundamental attribution error |
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| primary motivation is in the person's behavior, not in the situation |
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| overemphasize external factors and downplay internal factors |
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| attributing that everything an individual does to a single or a few specific characteristics |
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| tendency to perceive what is right or wrong based on your culture |
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| when we mistake what we infer for what we observe |
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| thinking that we can know all there is to know about a given topic |
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| judging people and events |
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| forcing ourselves to see situations only in certain ways |
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| Individuals from different cultures that are trained to observe the same cues differently |
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| communities in cyberspace |
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| computer mediated communities |
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| our preference for exposing ourselves to people |
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| means by which we focus on certain cues |
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| tendency to see, hear, and believe what we want to |
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| we recall things that reinforce our thinking and forget things we find objectionable |
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| bias perceptual processes, distorted perceptions |
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| process of receiving, attending to, and assigning meaning to aural and visual stimuli |
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| Involuntary, physiological process |
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| to organize and focus on particular stimuli |
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| taking enjoyment into music or other stimuli |
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| listening to gain knowledge |
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| accepting or rejecting information |
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| feeding back to what the speaker has communicated |
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| deficient listening behavior |
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| particular words by another to interfere with listening |
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| speech-thought differential |
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| day-dreaming or wasting time for non-listeners |
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| returning back to others our reactions to verbal and nonverbal messages |
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| announcing our opinions about the matter discussed |
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| seeking to find more about another person |
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| non-evaluative technique to solicit additional information from another person |
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| comprehend and paraphrasing information |
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| responding supportively to share another person's perception of a problem that appears important |
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| refraining from passing judgement on the other person's actions |
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| ability to adopt the viewpoint of the other person |
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| ability to respond in kind or to exhibit a parallel response |
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| ability to convey an altruistic concern for the other person |
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| Semantic, Syntactic, and Pragmatic codes |
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| code or system shared by a group to communicate |
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| using language in a way that impedes understanding |
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| a word's standard dictionary definition |
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| subjective, personal, and temporary in nature with meanings |
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| masking a communicator's meaning to not sound as offensive |
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| when individuals think they understand each other but actually miss each other's meaning |
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| words that can have more than one interpretation |
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| responding to a label rather than to what the label actually represents |
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| "show me" reality-based people who refuse to be conned by language |
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Relativist, Determinist, or Nonbeliever
Language reveals social reality |
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| groups of people who live within a society but outside it's dominant culture |
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| mainstream, the one in power |
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| Language that evolves to develop both identity and a sense of community |
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| reinforces the perception that men set the standard |
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| women and men speak different dialects |
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| form of communication that doesn't involve words |
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| meta-communicative functions |
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| communicating about communication |
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| words say one thing, nonverbal cues another |
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| Functions of Nonverbal communication |
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| Contradicting, Emphasizing, Regulating, Complementing, Substituting |
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| Interpersonal Deception Theory |
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| engaging in falsification by creating fiction, concealment of the real reason, equivocation by changing the subject |
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| Kinesics, Paralanguage, Proxemics, Haptics, Clothing and artifacts, Color, Chronemics |
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| study of human body motion |
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| Representational facial expressions |
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| facial movements that communicate our genuine feelings |
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| giving a performance, consciously controlling our faces to match the situation |
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| microfacial or micromomentary expressions |
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| asserting experssions revealing true emotional states and typically occur when an individual purposely or not attempts to disguise a feeling |
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| Emblems, Illustrators, Regulators, Affect displays, Adaptors |
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| movements of the body that are consciously sent |
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| bodily cues designed to enhance receiver comprehension of speech |
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| intentionally used to influence turn taking- who speaks, when, and for how long |
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| movements that reflect emotional states of being |
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| often sent unintentionally, reveal information about a psychological state |
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| highness or lowness of the voice |
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| the amount of words said in a minute |
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| pronunciation of individual sounds |
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| production of speech sounds |
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| hesitation phenomena, disrupt natural speech flow |
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| how we use the space around us to communicate, personal space |
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| contact 18 inches from the other person |
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| ranges from 18 inches to 4 feet |
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| communication with strangers, 12 feet and beyond |
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| walls, doors, built-in cabinets, windows, in-ground pools, roads, or paths. Function how we use them in communication |
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| movable objects, furniture, plants, temporary walls, and paintings to inhibit person to person contact |
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| Informal or non-fixed feature space |
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| space we carry around with us |
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| informal space that we claim as ours |
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| informal space that we claim as ours |
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| informal space that we claim as ours |
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| informal space that we claim as ours |
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| intimate space that involves touch |
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| study of how we use time to communicate |
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| promote interaction and encourage displays of warmth, closeness, and availability |
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| discourage the use of close interaction such as warmth, closeness, and availability |
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| measured by comparing the percentage of time spent looking while listening |
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| engaging in spontaneous conversation |
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| relatively informal social interaction in which the roles of speaker and hearer are exchanged in a nonautomatic fashion under the collaborative management of all parties |
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| reveal which behaviors are preferred and prohibited in various social situations |
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| Greeting, Topic Priming, Conversation's heart, Preliminary processing, Closing |
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| Conversational Turn-Taking |
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| changing of speaker and listening roles |
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| Turn-maintaining and Turn-yielding |
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| paralinguistic and kinesic cues, let the person know nonverbally they are ready to switch roles |
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| turn-requesting or turn denying |
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| conversational turn-taking by emitting signals that let the speaker know whether the listener would like to switch roles |
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| verbalizations we use to tell another person that we are listening |
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| we speak, the other person listens |
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| during something we or others find objectionable is said |
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| Insensitivity during conversations |
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| conversation about conversation |
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| exhibited cues suggesting that he or she was overly self-concerned |
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| questions that allow the respondent free rein in answering |
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| questions that force the respondent to choose a specific response |
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