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Chapter8-Infancy and Childhood
Psychology I
22
Physiology
11th Grade
03/17/2008

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Cards

Term

Newborns are capable of certain coordinated movement patterns called reflexes:

1. _________

2. _________

3. _________

Definition

1. Grasping reflex- (stimulus is to touch their palm) an infant can grasp objects. This possibly from our ape like evolution

2. Rooting reflex- is a newborn is touched anywhere around the mouth, he or she will move his or her head and mouth towards the source of the touch ex. breastfeeding and bottles

3. Sucking reflex- if you put something in a newborn's mouth, they will suck on it. Sucking is the most complex reflex.

Term
Developmental Psychology
Definition
the study of the changes that occur as people grow up and grow old.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
trying to fit the world into your own plans
Term
Accommodation
Definition
changing our plans to fit the characteristics of the world
Term

Object Permanence

Definition
the realization that things and people exist even it one cannot see them or touch them. Infants do not have object permanence, It begins to develop around 10-12 months and is fully developed between 18-24 months.
Term
Representational thought
Definition
the ability to picture or represent thing in one's mind. It develops at around 14 months.
Term
Principle of conservation
Definition
the principle that a given quality does not change when its appearance is changed. It develops at around 5-7 years. (example- the same amount of water in two differently shaped jars)
Term
Piaget's stages that take place in children's understanding
Definition

1. sensorimotor stage (birth-2) child learns from their body and sensations

2. preoperational stage92-6) the child begins to use images and symbols to understand

3. concrete operational stage (6-12) the child uses logical schemes but understanding is limited to concrete objects or probelms

formal operatonal stage (12-to adult) one has acquired the ability to solve abstract probelms

Term
Mental Retardation
Definition

is a term applied to people who, since childhood have been less able to learn and understand things that most people of the same age. It is an intellectual disabilty rather than emotional.

Term
Life Cycle
Definition
the period of time from conception to dealth studied by developmental psychologists
Term
Maturation
Definition
Growth that is programmed internally
Term
Temperament
Definition

The infant's activity, passivity, crying, or cuddliness are indications of this.

Term
Piaget's theory
Definition
the most comprehensive and influential theory of intellectual development
Term
Stages
Definition
Piaget states that children pass through the same predictable _____, although the rate of development may vary
Term
Schemes
Definition
In piaget's theory, plans for knowing involve the construction of shemes.
Term

Intellectual

Definition
Assimilation and Accomodation work togather to produce intellectual growth.
Term
Seperation Anxiety
Definition
At ten to twelve months most children become upset when the mother or primary caretaker leaves their presence. They are said to be exhibiting_____.
Term
Sensorimotor
Definition
The first stage of cognitive development, according to Piaget.
Term
2
Definition
Research indicates that chimpanzees can develop intellectually as far as the 2 year old human child.
Term
Telegraphic speech
Definition
Children are using ________ when they leave out words but still convey their meaning.
Term
Imprinting
Definition
the capacity in some species by which attachments are formed to other organisms or to objects very early in life is called imprinting.
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