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chapter3
key
17
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
10/04/2010

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Socialization
Definition
the lifelong process of social interaction throug hwhich individuals acquire a self-identity and the physical, mental, and social skills needed for survival in society
Term
sociobiology
Definition
the systematic study of how biology affects social behavior
Term
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development
Definition

-1. Sensorimotor Stage (birth-2)

2. Preoperational Stage (2-7)

3. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11)

4. Formal Operational Stage (12-adolescence)

Term
sensorimotor stage
Definition

children understand the world only through sensory contact and immediate action because they cannot engage in symbolic thought or use language

 

Term
Preoperational Stage
Definition
children begin to use words as mental symbols and to develop the ability to use mental images
Term
Concrete Operational stage
Definition
children think in terms of tangible objects and actual events: they also can draw conclusions about the likely physical consequences of an action without always having to try it out
Term
Formal Operational Stage
Definition
adolescents are able to engage in highly abstract thought and understand places, things and events they have never seen. Beyond this point, changes in thinking are a matter of changes in degree rather than in the nature of their thinking 
Term
Kolberg and stages of moral development
Definition

1. Preconventional Level (7-10)

2. Conventional Level (10-adulthood)

3. Postconventional Level (few adults reach this stage)

Term
preconventional level
Definition
children's perceptions are based on punishment and obedience
Term
conventional level
Definition
people are most concerned with how they are perceived by their peers and with how one conforms to rules
Term
postconventional level
Definition
people view morality in terms of individual rights. at final stage of moral development is judged by principles based on human rights that transcend gov. and laws. 
Term
Gillian's view on Gender and Moral Development
Definition

1. criticized majorly by Carol Gilligan who noted that his model was based solely on male responses

2. believed that men become more concerned with law and order but that women tend to analyze social relationships and the social consequences of behavior

3. people make moral decisions according to both abstract principles of justice and principles of compassion and care. 

Term
Charles Horton Cooley
Definition

without social contact, we cannot form a self concept-the totality of our beliefs and feelings about ourselves

1. imagine how our personality and appearance will look to others

2.we imagine how other people judge the appearance and personality that we think we present

3. develop a self concept

 

through mutual interrelationships between individual and society, society shapes people and people shape society

Term
George Herbert Mead 
Definition
linked the idea of self concept to role taking-process by which a person mentally assumes the role of another person in order to understand the world from that person's point of view
Term

mead2.

significant others

Definition
those persons whose care, affection, and approval are especially desired and who are most important in the development of the self: these indviduals are extremely important in the socialization process.
Term
mead 3
Definition

I: subjective elemnt of hte slef that represents the spontaneous and unique traits of each person

me: objective element of hte self, which is compose of hte internalized attitudes and demands of other members of society and the indivdiual's awareness of those demands

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