Term
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Definition
| directly observable characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| directly observable characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| the complex blend of genetic information that determines our species and influences all our unique characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| a rodlike structure that stores and transmits gentic information |
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Term
| Deoxyribnucleic Acid or DNA |
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Definition
| the chemical makeup of Chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| a segment of DNA along the length of the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of DNA duplicating itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| sex cells (sperm or ovum) |
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Term
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Definition
| process of cell division which halves the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| the result of when a sperm and an ovum meet. |
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Term
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Definition
| the 22 out of 23 pairs of chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes |
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Term
| Fraternal or dizygotic twins |
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Definition
| most common type of multiple birth, resulting from the release and fertilization of two ova. |
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Term
| Identical or monozygotic twins |
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Definition
| When a zygote that has started to dulicate separates into two clusters of cells that develop into two individuals that have the same genetic makeup. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when the alleles from each parents are the same |
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Term
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Definition
| when the alleles differ and the relationship between them determines what trait will appear. |
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Term
| dominant-recessive inheritance |
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Definition
| only one allele can affect the child's characteristics. One allele must be dominant and the other recessive. |
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Term
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Definition
| heterogeneous individuals which just one recessive allele that can be passed onto their children |
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Term
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Definition
| a pattern of inheritance in which both alleles are expressed, resulting in a combined trait, or one that is intermediate between the two. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a harmful allele is carried on the X chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| alleles are imprinted in such a way that one member of the pair is activated, regardless of its makeup. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sudden change in a segment of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| many genes influence that characteristic in question |
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Term
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Definition
| a communication process designed to help couples assess their chances of giving birth to a baby with a hereditary disorder and choose the best course of action in view of risks and family goals. |
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Term
| Prenatal diagnostic methods |
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Definition
| medical procedures that permit detection of problems before birth |
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Term
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Definition
a way of assessing a family's standing which combines three related variables
1)years of education
2)the pretige of skill required by one's job, both of which measure social status, and 3)income, which measures economic status. |
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Term
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Definition
| groups of people with beliefs and customs that differ from those of the larger culture. |
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Term
| Extended family households |
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Definition
| three or more generations live together. |
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Term
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Definition
| people define themselves as part of a group and stress group goals over individualistic goals |
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Term
| Individualistic societies |
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Definition
| people think of themselves as separate entities and are largely concerned with their own personal needs. |
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Term
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Definition
| laws and governmental programs aimed at improving current conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the extent to which individual differences in complex traits in a specific population are due to genetic factors |
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Term
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Definition
| Studies that compare the characteristics of family members |
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Term
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Definition
| each person's unique, genetically determined response to the enviroment. |
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Term
| Genetic-enviromental correlation |
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Definition
| our gemes influenece the enviroments to which we are exposed. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to actively choose enviroments that complement our heredity. |
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Term
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Definition
| development resulting from ongoing, bidirectional exchanges between heredity and all levels of the enviroment. |
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