Term
| What are six unique properties of water? |
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Definition
1. Expands upon crystallization at freezing temperatures
2. Cohesive molecules allow capillary action and surface tension
3. Polar molecules allows water to readily dissolve substances
4. Inorganic liquid at normal temperatures
5. High specific heat
6. High heat of vaporization
[image]
CHAPTER 2, p. 31 |
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Term
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Definition
Chains or rings with carbon backbones.
CHAPTER 2, p. 31 |
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Term
What are organic compounds?
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Definition
Complex molecules organized around carbon backbones.
CHAPTER 2, p. 31; Glossary, p. 384 |
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Term
| What do deep sea ecosystems use for energy instead of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
Volcanic thermal vents (chemosynthesis).
CHAPTER 2, p. 34
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Term
| Why does the existence of the human species in the universe contradict entropy? |
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Definition
According to the second law of thermodynamics, disorder--or entropy--tends to increase in all natural systems. Because of this loss, everything in the universe tends to fall apart, slow down, and get more disorganized. Humans are organized.
CHAPTER 2, p. 34; Glossary, p. 381 |
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Term
| Why is perpetual motion impossible? |
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Definition
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is conserved; that is, it is neither created nor destroyed under normal conditions. Therefore, the first law demands all machines have a source of energy. Perpetual motion procures energy from nothingness, contradicting the first law of thermodynamics.
CHAPTER 2, p. 34 |
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Term
| What is conservation of matter? |
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Definition
In chemical reactions, matter is neither created nor destroyed.
CHAPTER 2, p. 34 |
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