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Chapter One
Terms
38
Criminology
Undergraduate 1
01/07/2016

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Cards

Term
Delinquency refers to ________.
Definition
violations of the criminal law and other misbehavior committed by young people
Term
The proportion of reported or discovered crime within a given offense category which is solved by the police is known as the ________ rate.
Definition
clearance
Term
The view of crime as human conduct that violates the criminal law is drawn from a ________ perspective.
Definition
legalistic
Term
The first major shift in crime rates in the United States since the beginning of the collection of official crime statistics was due to the ________.
Definition
outbreak of World War II
Term
Which of the following statements about deviance and crime is true?
Definition
Deviant behavior and criminal behavior overlap.
Term
A human activity that violates social norms, but not criminal law, is termed as________.
Definition
deviant behavior
Term
The ________ perspective of criminalization is most applicable to homogeneous societies.
Definition
consensus
Term
The concept of ________ refers to the view that social events are interpreted differently according to the viewer.
Definition
social relativity
Term
Which of the following defines translational criminology?
Definition
It is a form of contemporary criminology that seeks to apply research findings in the field into practical and workable policy initiatives.
Term
The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through ________.
Definition
a political process
Term
Which of the following individuals would NOT be considered a criminalist?
Definition
correctional officer
Term
According to the various professional groups, violence in television, music, video games, and movies ________.
Definition
may lead to increased levels of violent behavior among children
Term
Which of the following does the study of criminal justice NOT emphasize?
Definition
the causes of criminal behavior
Term
People appear to be particularly fascinated by ________ crimes.
Definition
violent
Term
Which of the following is NOT true about criminology?
Definition
It is a notion that social events are interpreted differently by observers.
Term
Which of the following is NOT a reason why rape victims fail to report their victimization?
Definition
fear that the crime is not important enough to report
Term
Which of the following crimes was NOT one of the original seven UCR Part I offenses?
Definition
arson
Term
Which of the following was NOT a possible cause of the decrease in reported crime that occurred between 1991 and 2007?
Definition
social upheaval
Term
What is generally considered an acceptable degree for an academic or research criminologist?
Definition
doctorate in criminology or criminal justice
Term
Which of the following refers to unreported crimes that don't make it into official crime statistics?
Definition
dark figure of crime
Term
Which of the following is NOT a finding of the National Youth Survey?
Definition
Females are involved in a smaller proportion of crime than previously thought.
Term
Contemporary criminologists operate primarily from a ________ perspective.
Definition
sociological
Term
A police officer or probation officer is best described as a(n) ________.
Definition
criminal justice professional
Term
The number of personnel employed by private security agencies today is approximately ________ that of public law enforcement agencies.
Definition
twice
Term
A formal written enactment of a legislative body is known as a ________.
Definition
statute
Term
According to the NCVS, ________ crimes are most likely to be reported to the police.
Definition
violent
Term
Which of the following does NOT represent the correct set of major crimes as defined under UCR?
Definition
murder, drug abuse, motor vehicle theft
Term
According to the NCVS, ________ is the least likely crime to be reported to the police.
Definition
larceny
Term
________ theories have potentially wider explanatory power than other types.
Definition
Integrated
Term
Criminologists work for both federal and government-funded agencies. Which of the following is NOT a federal agency?
Definition
RAND
Term
Which of the following statements is true?
Definition
Crime increased in the United States from 1960 to 1980, partly because baby boomers were getting older.
Term
A(n) ________ theory of crime is one that attempts to explain all or most forms of criminal conduct through a single overarching approach.
Definition
general
Term
The ________ is considered by many researchers to be a more accurate measure of the actual incidence of crime in the United States.
Definition
NCVS
Term
Which of the following is NOT considered a property crime by the UCR?
Definition
robbery
Term
One of the two most common reasons for not reporting violent crime is that the victim ________.
Definition
considers the crime to be a private matter
Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements included in Edwin Sutherland's definition of criminology?
Definition
the operation of the criminal justice system
Term
A ________ is made up of clearly stated propositions suggesting relationships between events and occurrences being studied.
Definition
theory
Term
The Bureau of Justice Statistics is responsible for the ________.
Definition
National Crime Victimization Survey
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