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Chapter One (quiz one)
The Main Themes of Microbiology
25
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
01/26/2013

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Various types of microorganisms?
Definition
1. Prokaryotes
2. Euaryotes
3. Viruses
Term
Prokaryotes?
Definition
Bacteria and archaea
Term
Eurkaryotes?
Definition
Fungi, algae, protozoa and helminths
Term
Viruses?
Definition
Viruses and bacteriophages
Term
Are viruses living organisms?
Definition
No, because they can not reproduce

they need host to do so
Term
Examples of how microbes impact the Earth?
Definition
-Most of the atmospheric oxygen on earth is from MICROBIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS

-Microbes play a role in decomposition of dead organisms (S, N, P)
Term
Why is the theory of Evolution still a theory for sciensts?
Definition
it is a theory because once something is a teory in science it has gone through years of testing and hasn't been disproven
Term
Ways humans manipulate organisms? (9examples)
Definition
-baker's yeast
-brewer's yeast
-food preservation
-mold on wounds
-produce antibotics
-extract metals from mines
-clean up after oil spills
-Biotechnology
-Bioremediation
Term
What is Biotechnology?
Definition
Genetic Engineering= creating new profucts and genetically modified organims (GMOS)
Recombinant DNA technology= allows microbes to be engineered to synthesize desirable proteins (drugs or hormones)
Term
What is Bioremediation?
Definition
introducing microbes to the environment ro restore stability or clean uo toxic polluntants
ex. oil spills, chemical spills, water and sewage treatment
Term
Whats up with human diseases caused by microbs
Definition
-there is an increasing number of emergind diseases caused by microbes (SARS, AIDS, hep C, viral encephalitis)
-Other diseases previously not linked to microbes now are (ulcers, cancers, schizophernia, MS, OCD, coronary artery disease)
Term
Prokarytoic vs Eukaryotic Cells (3)
Definition
1. Prokarytoic are 10x smaller thna Eukaryotic
2. Prokarytoic cells lack organelles
3. All prokaryotes are microoganisms, but only eukaryotes are
Term
Size of microbs (smallest to largest)
Definition
Virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
Term
Taxonomic Categories (8)
Definition
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

(dude, kevin's poor cow only feels good sometimes)
Term
Binomial Naming?
Definition
Genus species (underlines)

ex: Staphylococcus aureus (underlined)
Term
Name the 3 domains?
Definition
1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
3. Eukarya
Term
What is an indivdual virus called?
Definition
virus particle or viron
Term
A small ammount of DNA or RNA wrapped in protein and sometimes by a lipid membrane
Definition
What are viruses
Term
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Definition
1684
-father of bacteriology
-first person to accurately describe living organisms
Term
Robert Hooke
Definition
1660's first to see microorganisms
-coined the word "cell"
Term
Louis Pasteur
Definition
-pasterization (ammoint of microoganisms is lowered to it wont cause ill effects
-the Germ Theory of Disease
Term
John Tyndall
Definition
showed evidence that some microbes have high heat resistance and are difficult to destroy
Term
Joseph Lister
Definition
introduced aseptic technique
Term
Robert Koch
Definition
-Koch's postulates
-Verified the germ theory
Term
What where Koch's Postulates
Definition
-disease always in sick, not in well
-isolates microoganisms to indentify
-infection with pure mictobe results in disease
-re-isolate microorganism from infected individuals
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