Term
| Examples of Diseases caused by prokaryotes (5) |
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Definition
Food Poising
Leprosy
Whooping Cough
Pneumonia
Lyme Disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Filament, Hook and basal body |
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Term
| The basal body of Flagellum is anchored to.... |
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Definition
| through the cell wall and outer membrane. The hook and filament rotate 360 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
A. monotricous
B. Lophotrichous
C. Amphitrichous
D. Perotrichous |
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Term
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Definition
a polar fagellum rotating counterclockwise moves the cell foward (runs). Reversing the directions causes the cell to stop and tumble.
-rotation is due to proton gradient, protons from bacterial metabloism |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of flagellum, purposeful random walking |
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Term
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Definition
Internal flagellum that is located between the cell wall and cell membrane
-causing twisting or flexing motion |
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Term
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Definition
| sticky fibers that allow for aggregation of bacteria to one another, tissues and objects (BIOFLIMS) |
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Term
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Definition
| found only on gram negative bacteria and are involved in conjugation (exchange of genetic material) Form cytoplasmic connections between bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
"sugar"-"coating"
-repeating polysaccharide units, protein or both
-protects cell and helps it adhere to environment
-slime later (loosely bound to cell) or capsule (tightly bound to cell) |
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Term
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Definition
Forms well on hard surfaces. ex: teeth or pacemaker
-first colonists
-cells stick to coating
-glyccocalyx coats cells
-as cells divide they form a dense mat bound together by sticky deposits
-additional microbes are attracted to develope film and create a mature community |
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Term
| What makes up a cell envelope |
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Definition
(outer membrane)
Cell wall: pepitoglucon
Cell membrane: lipid bilayer |
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Term
| Gram positive versus gram negative |
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Definition
Positive: thickest peptidoglycan, show up purple, no outer membrane
Negative: thin peptidoglycan, outer membrane present, shows up red. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Crystal Violet
2. Grams Iodine
3. Alcohol
4. Safranin |
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Term
| Why is Gram's iodine the key differentiation step? |
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Definition
| it acts as a Mordant (substance used to set dyes) |
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Term
| Peptidoglycan Interbridges |
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Definition
| this linkage that provides rigid yet flexible support to the cell |
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Term
| How does penicillin effect peptidoglycan interbridges |
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Definition
| it restrups them and prevents them from forming |
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Term
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Definition
In tears
Works against bacteria
instead of ruining bridges it messes up chains (G&M) |
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Term
| What does the outer membrane of Gram Negative do...? |
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Definition
| increases resistance to antimicrobial agents |
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Term
| What does the outermembrane of gram negative contain...? |
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Definition
| Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) |
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Term
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Definition
| span the outer membrane and create channels |
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Term
| Part of LPS: The O-chains |
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Definition
| contact the host organisms, and protect the cell from LYTIC ACTION by host immune defenses and antibiotics |
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Term
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Definition
| when bacteria die are Lipid A are released, lipid A component causes toxic effects such as high fever, heart rate and can lead to septic shock and death due to lung or kidney failure |
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Term
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Definition
Toll-like receptors
lipid A is recognized by TLR on immune cells in the host.
"policemen that can bind to LPS" |
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