Term
| Can you name the 4 concepts in antimicrobial control? |
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Definition
Sterilization
Disinfection
Decontamination/Sanitization
Antisepsis/Degermation |
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Term
| Name an example of sterilization |
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Definition
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Term
| Which out of the 4 antimicrobial concepts are used on inanimate objects? |
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Definition
Sterilization
Disinfection
Decontamination/Sanitization |
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Term
| Give an example of an agent used to disinfect an inanimate object? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which out of the 4 antimicrobial concepts in essentially important for restaurants, breweries, |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 examples that would decontaminate |
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Definition
| Detergents, soaps, and commercial dishwahsers |
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Term
| Which method of antimicrobial control is used on reusable objects like utensils and dishware? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which method of antimicrobial control is the only one safe for use on human skin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 2 examples of antisepsis agents |
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Definition
Alcohol
Surgical hand scrub |
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Term
| Name the 3 (broad) microbial control methods |
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Definition
Physical
Chemical
Mechanical |
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Term
| Antisepsis on animate objects belongs to which method: physical, chemical or mechanical? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name two agents that belong to the physical category of microbial control methods |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of heat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Steam under pressure, boiling water and pasteurization are examples of which type of heat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Incineration and dry oven are examples of which type of heat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a few examples of radiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the goal of any sterilization process? |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare Fungicide to Fungistatic.....which will kill fungal spores? |
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Definition
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Term
In terms of death rate of a microbe population, which out of the two would take longer to die?
1. a pure sample of one type of bacteria
2. a plate that contains many types of bacteria due to contamination |
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Definition
| #2 Higher loads of contaminates take longer to kill off |
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Term
| Name the 4 cellular targets that physical and chemical agents aim to reach? |
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Definition
1. cell wall
2. cell membrane
3. cellular synthetic process
4. proteins |
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Term
When an agent attacks the cell wall, what are the two things they are doing to kill the cell at this location?
And name two examples of which agents can do this? |
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Definition
At the cell wall they are:
1. Blocking the synthesis
2. Digesting the wall
Chemicals, detergents and alcohol can do this |
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Term
When an agent attacks the cytoplasmic membrane, what is it actually doing to the cytoplasmic membrane?
Name some agents that can do this |
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Definition
Agents physically bind the lipid bilayer, opening up the cytoplasmic membrane allowing the agent in and allows important ions to exit the cell
Detergents can do this |
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Term
How can agents interrupt cellular synthesis?
Name some agents that can do this |
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Definition
Agents interrupt the process of synthesis via the ribosomes. Without the ribosomes the cell cannot make essential proteins needs to grow, multiply and metabolize
Radiation and Formaldehyde can do this |
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Term
| Which two ways are proteins disturbed by agents? |
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Definition
It can denature the proteins.
It can also block the active sites for protein. That prevents it from reacting with its chemical substrate |
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Term
| Name two agents or examples that affect proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| In terms of microbicidal and microbistatic......which is found at lower temps and which is at higher? |
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Definition
Elevated temps = microbicidal
Lower temps= microbistatic
If it's hard to remember, cidal means ability to kill. People who are homicidal probably have elevated temperaments....they are angry! Hot headed! |
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Term
| Which heat dehydrates the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which heat can denature proteins to make them more resistant? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which heat denatures of proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which heat has a microbicidal effect of coagulation and denaturation of proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Which heat operates at lower temperatures but shorter exposure times? |
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Definition
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Term
| While boiling water kill endospores? |
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Definition
| Nope, need temps higher than boiling |
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Term
| What is the principle benefit of cold treatment? |
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Definition
| to slow the growth of microbes and cultures in food during processing and storage |
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Term
| Does cold necessarily kill fungus, spores, viruses and bacteria? |
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Definition
| No, it can actually preserve them |
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Term
| What does desiccation mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What term is used to describe a combination of freezing and drying? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which process is described: Used to prepare liquids that cannot withstand heat such as serum, blood products, vaccines, drugs, IV fluids, enzymes, and media |
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Definition
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Term
Which method describes these:
Alternative method for decontaminating milk and beer without altering its flavor
Important step in water purification
Unable to remove soluble molecules (toxins) that can cause disease
High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are used in hospital rooms and sterile rooms. |
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Definition
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Term
| So, if you were stranded in the woods and you came upon a freshly dead deer, which an abundance of meat on the carcass. How could you preserve the meat to safely eat it? |
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Definition
| You could smoke it! Like make deer jerky! |
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Term
| Adding large amounts of salt or sugar to foods create a hypertonic environment, causing what to happen? |
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Definition
| Plasmolysis (ie. cells lose water) |
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Term
| Pickling, smoking and drying foods do what to them? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is osmotic pressure a sterilization technique? |
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Definition
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Term
Which agent is an ideal one, meaning that it can almost do all of these:
Rapid action, even in low conc.
Has selective toxicity
Resistant to organic matter
Noncorrosive and Nonstaining
Sanitizing and deodorizing
Affordable and readily available |
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Definition
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Term
Which level of germicides kill endospores?
High, Intermediate or Low |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of agent is effective against GP bacteria and Fungi but is limited in application because it stains and has a narrow range of activity |
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Definition
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