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chapter 9 part 2 for final
chapter 9 oral manifestations pt 2
28
Dentistry
Undergraduate 3
12/03/2014

Additional Dentistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
cyclic neutropenia
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Cyclic severe decrease in the number of circulating neutrophilic leukocytes

Cycles usually occur in intervals of 21 to 27 days

 

In some patients the interval may be extended to several months

 

Episodes of neutropenia generally persist for 2 to 3 days.

 

Clinical

 

Term
oral manifestations with cyclic neutropenia
Definition

severe recession can lead to severe perio

 

ulcerations

tooth mobility

 

bleeding

gingivostomatitis

Term
acute leukemia
Definition

lymphoblastic or non lymphoblastic

 

affects children and young adults

 

immature lymphocytes

 

prognosis good

 

Term
chronic leukemia
Definition

granulocytic myeloid or lymphocytic

 

immature granulocytes

 

affects young adults age 15-39

 

prognosis not so good

Term
leukemia
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Malignant neoplasms of the hemopoietic stem cells

originate in bone marrow

excessive abnormal white blood cells

 

Term
symptoms of acute leukemia
Definition

spleomegaly (large spleen)

 

weakness, fever

 

enlarged lymph nodes

 

bleeding

 

hepatomegaly (large liver)

Term
chronic myeloid leukemia
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

chromosomal abnormality( Philadelphia chromosome)

 

Term
oral implications of acute leukemia
Definition

bleeding

 

petechia

 

ecchymosis

 

gingival enlargement

 

ANUG due to non funtioning WBCs

 

 

 

 

Term
labs of acute leukemia show
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Elevated wbc with many immature cells, anemia, and a low platelet count

 

 

Term
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Definition

most common

 

accounts for 25% of all cases

 

assymptomatic

 

 

 

 

Half of patients have an abnormal karyotype but is different from Philadelphia chromosome

 

 

 

Term
symptoms of chronic leukemia
Definition

fatigue

 

weakness

 

weight loss

 

anorexia

Term
oral manifestations of chronic leukemia
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Pallor of the lips and gingiva

Gingival enlargement

 

Petechiae and ecchymosis

 

 

 

Gingival bleeding

 

Atypical periodontal disease

 

Cervical lymphadenopathy (may be an early manifestation)

 

Term
hemostasis depends on what 3 things
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

 

1)integrity of blood vessels walls


2)adequate functioning platelets

 


3)adequate functioning factors

 

Term
platelet counts
Definition

normal is 150,000-400,000

 

less than 100,000 is considered thrombocytopenia (low platelet)

 

spontaneous bleeding occurs at 20,000

Term
normal range of bleeding time is
Definition
1-6 minutes
Term
coagulation testing
Definition

Normal prothrombin time (how fast a clot is made)

normal is 11-16 seconds

 

 

INR is more common

values under 3 are normal

pts on anticoagulants may be 4 or 5

Term
normal partial prothrombin time is
Definition

normal 25-40

 

prolonged is 45-50

 

monitored heparin is used for patients in dialysis

 

over 50 is cause for alarm

Term

 

 

 

 

 

 

I. Fibrinogen

 

II. Prothrombin

 

III.Tissue Factor

 

IV. Calcium

 

V. Proaccelerin

 

VI._________

 

VII. Proconvertin

 

VIII.Antihemophiliac factor

 

IX. Plasma thromboplastin

 

X. Stuart factor

 

XI. Plasma thromboplastin antecedant

 

XII. Hageman factor

 

XIII.Fibrin-stabilizing factor

 

Definition
coagulation factors
Term
intrinsic pathway involves what factors?
Definition

collagen

xII

XI

IX

X

prothrombin-thrombin

fibrinogen-fibrin

Term
extrinsic pathway
Definition

tissue thromboplastin

vii

x

thrombin-fibrin

Term

 

 

 

 

 

Oozing of blood from gingival margins without the presence of gingivitis or inflammation

 and purplish spots

Definition
purpura
Term
non thrombocytopenic purpuras
Definition

 

 

 

 

 

 

Von Willebrand’s disease

Autosomal dominant inherited disorder of platelet function

 

Most common inherited bleeding disorder

 

Affects men and women

 

Term
most common type of hemophelia
Definition

type A

x linked recessive

males and homozygous females

deficiency infactor VIII (8)

Term

christmas disease

 

Definition

hemophelia type B

defieciency in factor IX (9)

Term

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bruton’s disease (X-linked congenital agammaglobulinemia)

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

B cells do not mature

Plasma cells are deficient

 

Normal T cells

 

Autoimmune diseases are common in these patients

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

 

DiGeorge’s syndrome (Thymic hypoplasia)

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Thymus is deficient or lacking therefore T lymphocytes do not mature.

Infants and children with this syndrome are susceptible to fungal, viral and bacterial infections that require T and B cell cooperation

 

B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins are unaffected

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severe combined immunodeficiency

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

Most infants with this type of immunodeficiency die in the first year of life

Susceptible to all forms of viral, fungal and bacterial infections

 

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