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Chapter 9 (Mr. Tejkl)
Volcanoes
10
Science
8th Grade
09/15/2014

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Term
VOLCANO
Definition
A mountain that forms when molten rock, called magma, is forced to the Earth's surface.
Term
LAVA
Definition
Magma that flows onto the Earth's surface.
Term
PYROCLASTIC MATERIAL
Definition
Consists of the rock fragments created by explosive volcanic eruptions.
Term
SHIELD VOLCANO
Definition
Built out of layers of lava from repeated nonexplosive eruptions.
Term
CINDER CONE VOLCANO
Definition
Small volcanic cones made entirely of pyroclastic material from moderately explosive eruptions.
Term
COMPOSITE VOLCANO
Definition
(stratovolcanoes) They form by explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed by quieter outpourings of lava.
Term
CRATER
Definition
At the top of the central vent in most volcanoes is a funnel-shaped pit.
Term
CALDERA
Definition
Forms when a magma chamber that supplies material to a volcano empties and its roof collapses.
Term
RIFT
Definition
As the tectonic plates separate, a deep crack, forms between the plates.
Term
HOT SPOT
Definition
Places on the Earth's surface that are directly above columns of rising magma.
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