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intelligence is a trait or set of traits that characterized some people to a greater extent than others
-led to formation of standardized tests and IQ tests |
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Term
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ability to use your mind actively to solve novel problems
-not taught, "raw info processing power"
-involves reasoning, seeing relationships among stimuli, and drawing inferences
-ex: remember unrelated pairs of words, recognize relationships among geometric figures |
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| crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
| use of knowledge acquired through schooling and life experiences |
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| intelligence is generally viewed as heirarchy that includes |
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Definition
1) a general ability factor at the top that influences a range of tasks
2) a few broad dimensions of ability that are distingishable in factor analyses (ex fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, memory capacity)
3) specific abilities such as numerical reasoning, spatial discrimination, etc. |
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| level of age graded problems that the child is able to solve |
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IQ
-compares mental age w chronological age by dividing mental age by CA x 100 |
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| Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale |
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Definition
| commisioned by the french government to figure out which students were "special" and needed special attention |
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Definition
standards of normal performance expressed as average scores and the range of scores around the average
-no longer use mental age; instead compared to people your own age through test norms
-100 is average, anything above is high IQ |
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Definition
three different ones for different age groups
-have a verbal IQ score: based on vocab, general knowledge, arithmetic
-have a performance IQ: nonverbal skills such as assemble puzzles, solve mazes, |
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Term
| Garners multiple intelligences 8 |
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Definition
1. linguistic
2. logical-mathematical
3. musical
4. spatial
5. bodily kinesthetic
6. interpersonal between people
7. intrapersonal ones own feelings
8. naturalistic |
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Term
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Definition
| a person is extraordinarily talented in a particular area who is otherwise mentally retarded |
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| Sternbergs triarchic theory of intelligence |
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Definition
| three components: practical or contextual, creative or experiential, and analytic components |
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people who are high in this component of intelligence can adapt to the environment they find themselves in and optimize their strengths
-"street smarts"
-what is defined as smart in one sociocultural context isnt in another |
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Term
| creative component of triarchic |
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Definition
experiential; what is intelligent when a person first encounters a new task is not the same as what is intelligent after extensive experience
-believed novel tasks provide the best measures of intelligence bc they tap the individuals ability to come up w creative ideas or fresh insights
-ability to respond creatively to new tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| increased efficiency of info processing with practice |
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Term
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| info processing skills that are assessed by traditional intelligence tests |
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Definition
-sternberg expands on his triarchic theory by saying that intelligence should be based on the extent that they have the abilities needed to succeed in life, according to their own definition of success w in their sociocultural context
-these people are strong in all three |
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Definition
| ability to produce novel responses appropriate in context and valued by others --products both original and meaningful |
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what IQ scores measure
-converging on the right answer |
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Definition
coming up w a variety of ideas or solutions to a problem when there is no single correct answer
-creativity |
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Term
| how to measure creativity |
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Definition
-uniqueness of generated ideas, flexibility or number of diff categories expressed by the ideas, and fluency of the ideas
-fluency is the sheer number of different ideas that a person can generate |
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Term
| sternbergs confluence approach |
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Definition
| -creativity is a confluence of many factors, each added in appropriate concentrations at the proper time: like baking |
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Term
| Bayley Scales of Infant Development |
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Definition
-tests infants IQ's by assessing rates at which infants achieve important developmental milestones
three parts: motor scale, mental scale (adaptive behaviors such as reaching for desired items, behavior rating (rating on dimensions such as goal directedness, emotional regulation, and social responsivity
^the first two scores are given as a developmental quotient (DQ) rather than IQ |
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| cumulative deficit hypothesis |
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Definition
impoverished environments inhibit intellectual growth, and these negative effects accumulate over time
-can cause fluctuations in IQ scores/a decrease |
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Term
| patterns of creativity levels in children |
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Definition
-go through a slump in elementary school
-possibly because they feel like they have to conform |
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Term
| what are creative children like? |
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Definition
| high in freedom, originality, humor, aggression, and playfulness |
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