Term
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Definition
[image]
Changes loudness and pitch |
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Term
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Definition
- True Vocal Folds
- False Vocal Folds
- Epiglottis
- Thyroid Cartilage
- Arytenoids
- Cricoid Cartilage
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Term
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Definition
| Used for normal vibration |
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Term
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Definition
Used normally to close off larynx from stray food/liquid
Also used as 'second voice' |
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Term
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Definition
1. Pitch
2. Loudness
3. Quality |
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Term
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Definition
| Perceptual correlate of F0, or fundamental frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| The lowest frequency of a vibration, measured in hertz |
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Term
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Definition
Most suitable pitch for an individual, determined by vocal fold structure
Men 130
Women 250
Children up to 500 |
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Term
| Vocal folds change over time |
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Definition
Childhood: high up in the neck, descend with age
3 mm at birth
Male lengthens to 17-20 mm
Female lengthens to 12 1/2-17 mm |
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Term
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Definition
Increase:
1. Lengthening or tensing of vocal folds
2. Increase airflow between vocal folds (vf)
Decrease:
1. Relaxing of intrinsic muscles
2. Adding mass per length of vf (eg: swelling, nodules) |
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Term
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Definition
| Perception of intensity, measured by decibels (dB) (sound pressure level-SPL) |
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Term
| Changes in loudness (2) and how pitch and loudness relate |
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Definition
1. Adduction (VFs stay together longer)
2. Increased air between lungs and VFs = build up of subglottal air pressure
Pitch and loudness tend to be relatively similar, eg yelling |
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Term
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Definition
Perception of spectral distribution (how frequency is displayed on graph); based on integrity of VF vibrations
ex of quality problems: hoarseness, breathy voice, harshness, rough, strained, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Air pressure opens VF from bottom up, the negative pressure closes VF
Wave-like motions |
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Term
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Definition
Voice is problematic to user in professional, social, or other contexts
Exhibits when pitch, loudness, quality, and/or flexibility differs from the voices of others of similar age, sex, and cultural groups |
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Term
| Common symptoms/complaints of vocal disorders |
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Definition
| hoarseness, strain, vocal fatigue, pain, loss of range of phonation, aphonia (complete or intermittent loss of voice), diplophonia (double voice), breathiness, etc |
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Term
| How common is a vocal disorder? |
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Definition
3-9% of children and adults of general population
40% of teachers and 20-50% of teachers report problems with voice |
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Term
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Definition
| Takes into account a person's case history and perceptual signs, rules out things for diagnosis (problem solving) |
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Term
| Nonphonatory vocal disorders |
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Definition
Not related to voice
1. strider - breathing loud enough to hear
2. excessive throat clearing
3. consistent, episodic, and functional aphonia |
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Term
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Definition
| Contribute to structural damage, abuse is harsher, can result in growths, laryngitis, and edema |
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Term
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Definition
[image]
VF cannot come together in front or back, growths on vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
[image]
2 types:
Sessile - broad, on the inside of VF
Pedunculated - outside and attached to VF |
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Term
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Definition
| Accumulation of liquid in the VF, thickens VF and makes them heavier |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle weakness, discoordination, paralysis (uni or bilateral), tremor |
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Term
| SLPs examination for papilloma (2) |
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Definition
1. Case history - nature of disorder, how it affects patient, developmental history, overall physical and psychological condition
2. Perceptual evaluation of pitch, loudness, and quality |
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