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| One resisting or opposing a claim, judgment, or appeal. |
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| Confirm; when a higher court declares that a lower court action is valid and right. |
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| To come into court as a party to a lawsuit. |
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| A detailed statement of the items of plaintiff's demand in an action or of the defendant's counterclaim. |
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| Concise summary of the main points of a law case. |
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| Certificate filed with the court clerk indicating that the case is ready for trial. |
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| An act or omission tending to obstruct or interfere with the orderly administration of justice or to impair the dignity of the court or respect for its authority. |
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| Person giving sworn testimony out of court. |
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| The testimony of a witness taken under oath and pursuant to law that, when reduced to writing and authenticated by a notary, may be used at the trial. |
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| Proof legally presented at the trial of a case through witnesses, exhibits, and so forth. |
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| extension of time to plead |
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| A stipulation to extend the time for appearance. |
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| A formal list of questions required to be answered either in writing or orally. It can be either oral, called a deposition, or written. |
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| The law requires that the action be discontinued when the plaintiff fails to meet certain legal requirements. |
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| The person favored by the judgment. |
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| The person against whom the judgment is rendered and who must pay the other party. |
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| Notice of a pending suit. |
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| To refuse to grant, to deny or annul. |
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| Not requiring any explanation or cause to be shown. For example, a peremptory challenge to a juror means that either side in a trial has the right to excuse a certain number of possible jurors before the trial without giving any reason. |
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| The right to eliminate a juror for no stated reason. |
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| preponderance of evidence |
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| Evidence that carries the greater weight; the evidence that has the most validity. |
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| Informal hearing held by the attorneys before the trial judge prior to the trial of a case, in which any matters that might aid in the disposition of the action are discussed and resolved. |
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| Set aside; for example, when a higher court reverses a decision of a lower court. |
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| Discharge of an obligation by paying what is due or what is awarded by judgment of the court. |
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| A process to compel a witness to appear and give testimony (also spelled subpoena). |
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| Duces tecum is a Latin term meaning "bring with you"; a subpena ordering the witness to bring along specified materials or documents. |
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| (by the court)Uphold a motion or a claim and to grant it. |
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| Granted, established, kept, or maintained. |
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| The process by which both parties agree to settle out of court. |
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