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| What was classical liberalism's psychological creed based on? |
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Definition
| Humans were believed to be egoistic, coldly calculating and inert. All humans lived to avoid pain and pursue pleasure |
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| unable to move or act, sluggish or lethargic |
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| the view that all actions are motivated by the desire to achieve pleasure and avoid pain. |
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| How did psychological hedonism relate to workers? |
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Definition
| They were viewed as lazy, as all humans are without motivation of great pleasure or fear of starvation or deprivation. |
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| the individual was a more fundamental reality than the group or society. With this, classical liberals rejected the concept that socity was like a family and that the relationships were more important than any individual. |
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| If men subdivided tasks, each producing only the commodity for which his own abilities best suited him, productivity increased. Classical liberals also believed in the need for collective security. |
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| With an absence of restraints, people's selfish motives would lead to a natural state of war, and the only escape from brutal combat would be some source of absolute power, a central government to which each individual submitted in return for protection from other individuals. |
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| Classical liberals supported this and thought that a market in which producers competed for consumer's money in an egoistic quest for more profits, would guarantee the direction of capital and labor to their most productive uses and ensure production of the goods consumers wanted and needed most. |
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| Malthus' theory belived that most humans were driven by an insatiable desire for sexual pleasure and that consequently natural rates of human reproduction, when unchecked, would lead to geometric increases in population. |
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Term
| What were Malthus' two kinds of checks that limited population? |
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Definition
Preventative, which reduced the birthrate; and Positive, increased the death rate.
Preventative: Moral restraint, vice, birth control.
Positive: Famine, misery, plague, and war. |
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Term
| What conclusion did the Malthusian population theory and liberal economic theories have in common? |
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Definition
| Gov should avoid any attempt to intervene in the economy on behalf of the poor. |
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Term
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Definition
| A policy of leaving the coordination of individuals persuing their own self-interest to the market - the government should not be involved. |
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