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Chapter 8 : Basics of Electricity
Chapter 8 Esthetician Flashcards
51
Cosmetology
Undergraduate 1
02/08/2018

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Term
Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated.
Definition
Active electrode
Term
Abbreviated AC; rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second.
Definition
Alternating current
Term
Abbreviated A and also known as amp; unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor).
Definition
Ampere
Term
Positive electrode; the anode is usually red and is marked with a P or a /plus (+) sign.
Definition
Anode
Term
Process of infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole towards the positive pole.
Definition
Anaphoresis
Term
Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole; tightens and calms the skin.
Definition
Cataphoresis
Term
Negative electrode; the cathode is usually black and is marked with a N or a minus (-) sign.
Definition
Cathode
Term
The colored cells or target in the epidermis or dermis that absorbs the laser beam's thermal energy, causing the desired injury or destruction of the material.
Definition
Chromophore
Term
Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
Definition
Circuit breaker
Term
The path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source.
Definition
Complete electric circuit
Term
Any substance,material or medium that easily transmits electricity.
Definition
Conductor
Term
Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.
Definition
Converter
Term
Process used to soften and emulsify sebum and blackheads in the follicles.
Definition
Desincrustation
Term
Abbreviated DC; constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means.
Definition
Direct current
Term
The flow of electricity along a conductor.
Definition
Electric current
Term
The movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy; form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects; a flow of electrons.
Definition
Electricity
Term
Also known as probe; applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to the client's skin.
Definition
Electrode
Term
Also known as electromagnetic spectrum of radiation; made up of all forms of energy whose spectrum ranges from the longest waves to the shortest.
Definition
Electromagnetic spectrum
Term
The use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits.
Definition
Electrotherapy
Term
A special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.
Definition
Fuse
Term
A constant and direct current(DC); uses a positive and negative pole to produce the chemical reactions (desincrustation) and ionic reactions (iontophoresis).
Definition
Galvanic Current
Term
The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.
Definition
Grounding
Term
Opposite pole from the active electrode.
Definition
Inactive electrode
Term
Also known as a nonconductor; substance that does not easily transmit electricity.
Definition
Insulator
Term
Has longer wavelengths, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light; makes up 60 percent of natural sunlight.
Definition
Infrared light
Term
a medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths (broad spectrum) of focused light to treat spider veins, hyperpigmentation,rosacea and redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles and pores, and excessive hair.
Definition
Intense pulse light
Term
Light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye.
Definition
Invisible light
Term
Also known as ionization; process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine or a microcurrent device.
Definition
Iontophoresis
Term
Abbreviated K; 1,000 watts.
Definition
Kilowatt
Term
Acronym for light amplification stimulation emission of radiation; a medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments.
Definition
Laser
Term
Acronym for light-emitting diode; a device used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and improve the collagen content in the skin.
Definition
LED
Term
Also known as phototherapy; the application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.
Definition
Light Therapy
Term
An extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body's natural electrical impulses.
Definition
Microcurrent
Term
Abbreviated mA; one-thousandth of an ampere.
Definition
Milliampere
Term
Currents used in a electrical facial and scalp treatments.
Definition
modalities
Term
Abbreviated O; unit that measures the Resistance of an electric current.
Definition
ohm
Term
Process by which light from a laser is turned into heat.
Definition
photothermolysis
Term
Two- or three-prong connector at the end of an electrical cord that connects and apparatus to an electrical outlet.
Definition
plug
Term
Negative or positive pole of an electric current.
Definition
polarity
Term
Apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.
Definition
rectifier
Term
Also known as violet ray; thermal or heat producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments.
Definition
Tesla high-frequency current
Term
Invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects, and kill germs.
Definition
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Term
Abbreviated V and also known as voltage; unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor.
Definition
Volt
Term
Abbreviated W; measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second.
Definition
Watt
Term
Distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves.
Definition
Wavelength
Term
The primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments.
Definition
Visible light
Term
Referred to as combination light because it is a combination of all the visible rays of the spectrum.
Definition
White light
Term
A light-emitting diode for use on clients in the stimulation of circulation and collagen and elastin production.
Definition
Red light
Term
A light-emitting diode which aids in reducing inflammation and swelling.
Definition
Yellow light
Term
A light-emitting diode for use on clients with acne.
Definition
Blue light
Term
A light-emitting diode for use on clients with hyperpigmentation or for detoxifying the skin.
Definition
Green light
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