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| A people's customs and way of life. It includes how people meet their basic needs for food and shelter, as well as their language, literature, music, and art. |
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| Refers to the things people usually do, such as how they dress, the foods that they eat, and how they celebrate their holidays and the great moments in life (birth, adulthood, marriage and death). |
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| The part played by a person in certain situations. Based on rules for the proper behavior of a person in particular positions. For example, a mother is expected to behave in a certain way toward her children. |
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| the organizations developed by a society to make social roles clear and to take care of social needs; may include families, schools, and governments. |
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| a set of beliefs about the meaning of life, the nature of the universe, and the existence of God or a Supreme Being. |
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| One of the earliest forms of religion believing that many things in nature have their own spirit. |
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| a group of related families |
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| A very ancient religion that teaches its disciples that the principles of life can be discovered through meditation. |
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| The Hindu belief that after death a person's soul is reborn as another living thing. Each soul goes through an endless cycle of rebirths. |
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| A person's total behavior in life, which Hindus believe will determine that person's form in the next life, including their caste. |
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| A religion based on self-denial and meditation |
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| A prince who lived in Nepal around 500 BC and left his home in search of truth. He discovered the source of human suffering in our selfish desires, and became the "Buddha" or "enlightened one." His followers started the Buddhist religion. |
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| a state of eternal peace and bliss that Buddhists believe can be achieved through proper conduct. An individual who reaches this state, escapes the endless rebirths of reincarnation. |
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| The path followed by righteous Buddhists, in which they give up selfish human desires and worldly wealth; instead, they act in a worthy manner, speak truthfulness, and respect all living things. |
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| These are the four truths that buddhists believe explain life's meaning. They teach that only by giving up wrongful desires can a person find peace and harmony. |
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| The world's oldest surviving religion, the first to assert the existence of one God. |
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| the belief in a single God |
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| ten laws that the Jewish religion claims were commanded by God. They include worshipping only the one true God, honoring one's parents, and prohibiting stealing, murder, adultery, and immoral behavior. |
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| The first part of the Bible in which the history of the ancient Jews and their relationship with God is recorded. |
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| a religion begun about 2,000 years ago and based on the teachings and the life of Jesus. Jesus preached forgiveness, mercy, and sympathy for the poor and helpless. Those practicing this religion believe Jesus was the son of God. |
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| the later part of the Bible that describes the life of Jesus and the acts of the apostles. |
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| a religion founded by Mohammed around 600 AD The name means "submission" in Arabic and is based on the teachings of Mohammed. |
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| (570 - 632) The prophet who founded Islam in the seventh century. He believed that the Angel Gabriel commanded him to convert the Arab tribes to belief in a single God. |
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| The name for God in Arabic, worshipped by Muslims. |
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| The holy book of Islam, based on the teachings of Mohammed |
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| The five basic religious duties that Muslims must fulfill. These include belief in no other God but Allah, praying five times a day, giving charity to the poor, fasting during the month of Ramadan, and making a trip to Mecca. |
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| A religion founded in Northern India that combines both Hindu and Muslim beliefs, including reincarnation and belief in one God. |
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| a form of deep concentration |
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| the organization of society into various social classes |
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| a form of farming that just meets the immediate needs of the farmer and his or her family |
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| the ease of movement from one social class to another |
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| Roles specifically assigned to either men or to women |
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| how families in a society are organized. A nuclear family consists of parents and their children. An extended family includes other relatives such as grandparents or aunts and uncles. |
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| a society in which everyone belongs to the same ethnic group and shares the same language and traditions. Japan is a good example of this type of society. |
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| a society in which there is a mix of people and cultures. The United States is a good example of this type of society. |
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| any ethnic or religious group other than the dominate group. |
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| when the dominate group in society treats minority group members as inferior. |
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| when ethnic or religious minorities are denied their civil and political rights. |
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| Extreme actions against an ethnic minority in society. The phrase was used to describe Serbian attempts to chase out or murder Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo in the 1990s. The Nazi attempt to eliminate the Jews of Europe during the Holocaust is another example of this phrase. |
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