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Chapter 8
A Geography of Language
43
Geography
9th Grade
12/02/2008

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Cards

Term
What is a systematic means of communicating ideas or feeling by the use of conventionalized signs, gestures, mark, or especially articulate VOCAL SOUNDS?
Definition
Language
Term
True or False: Potential vocab for any language is infinite.
Definition
True
Term
True or False: Language is at the heart of a culture, and culture is the glue of society.
Definition
True
Term
What has no history or literature and no cultural preservation?
Definition
A Prelierate society
Term
How many languages are spoken in Africa?
Definition
over 1,000(one thousand)
Term
What allows culture to be passed down?
Definition
Language
Term
How many languages do linguists believe are spoken today?
Definition
5-6 thousand
Term
What are the two components of languages?
Definition
Space and time
Term
What is an official language; a component of technologically advanced societies?
Definition
Standard language
Term
What are regional variations of a standard language; such as changes in VOCAB, syntax, pronunciation, cadence, and accent?
Definition
Dialects
Term
What are grouped languages thought to be shared, but fairly distant origin.
Definition
Language families
Term
How many language families exist around the world?
Definition
20
Term
What is the most widely dispersed language family arounnd the world?
Definition
Indo-European
Term
What subgroup language of the Indo-European family is most spoken around the world?
Definition
English
Term
What are the 2 major languages of India?
Definition
Indo-European and Dravidian
Term
What fraction of the world speaks an Indo-European language?
Definition
1/2(half)
Term
How many people speak Chinese?
Definition
1.2 billion
Term
What are the top 4 ranking major languages?
Definition
Chinese, English, Hindi, Spanish
Term
How many different languages are spoken in India?
Definition
over 600
Term
What language is most spoken in Africa?
Definition
Niger-Congo Family
Term
True or False: Chinese is one language.
Definition
True
Term
What is the most widely spoken dialect of Chinese?
Definition
Mandarin
Term
Linguists classify languages into these...
Definition
language families
Term
What part of China can you find Mandarin being spoken in?
Definition
Bei Jing(its capital)
Term
What is India's largest Indo-European language?
Definition
Hindi
Term
Why would there be a great difference between languages in the same family?
Definition
Spread out over time
Term
Why did Europe spread the way they did?
Definition
To form a nation state
Term
What is the most widely spread second language of people around the world?
Definition
English
Term
What is the largest single language?
Definition
Chinese
Term
What continent has the most number of languages?
Definition
Africa
Term
What is the most widely spread Indo-European language?
Definition
English
Term
What country has the most number of languages?
Definition
India
Term
What are dialects most often marked by?
Definition
Differences in vocab
Term
What are the languages of Africa?
Definition
Fragments
Term
What are peoples who speak their language but do not write it; They can transmit their culture from one generation to the next butdo not have a written literature that can serve as a foundation for cultural preservation.
Definition
Preliterate societies
Term
What are variations of a language?
Definition
Linguistic diversification
Term
The variant of a language that a country's political and intellectual elite seek to promote as the norm for use in schools, governments, the media, and other aspects of public life.
Definition
Standard language
Term
Regional variants of a standard language.
Definition
Dialects
Term
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurrs.
Definition
Isogloss
Term
Languages that are grouped that are thought to have a shared, but fairly distant, origin.
Definition
Language families
Term
Languages where commonality is more definite.
Definition
Language subfamily
Term
Sub groups of subfamilies, consist of sets of individual languages.
Definition
Language groups
Term
Spoken by about half the worlds peoples.
Definition
Indo-European languages
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