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Chapter 8
Government and Business
17
Economics
12th Grade
01/04/2010

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Cards

Term
Trust
Definition
a combination of producers in the same industry under joint direction for the purpose of exerting monopoly power
Term
price/rate discrimination
Definition
charging different customers different rates for services of equal production costs
Term
antitrust legislation
Definition
laws that prohibit or limit monopolies or monopolistic practices
Term
industry consortium
Definition
a combination of firms in an industry to carry out a common purpose
Term
government regulation
Definition
government control of the prices charged and services provided by firms that produce goods that are vital to the public's well-being
Term
natural monopoly
Definition
an industry in which the economies of scale are so extensive that a single firm can supply the whole market more efficiently than two or more firms could; natural monopolies are generally public untilities
Term
public utility commission
Definition
a regulatory body whose members are appointed by government to set rates and services provided by public utility firms
Term
deregulation
Definition
the process of eliminations government regulations and reducing the scope and power of regulatory bodies
Term
collective/public good
Definition
a good or services that can be used by many at the same times without diminishing any one person's consumption; it is difficult to exclude someone from using the good
Term
privatization
Definition
allowing the private sector to produce goods and services that once were provided by the government
Term
external economies
Definition
benefits that accrue to parties other than the producer and purchaser of the good or service; benefits for which payment is not collected
Term
merit goods
Definition
goods that have a social value over and above their utility for the individual consumer
Term
externalizes
Definition
external economies or external diseconomies
Term
external costs
Definition
costs of the production process that are not borne by the producer or by the purchaser of the product and are therefore not taken into consideration in production and consumption decisions
Term
internalize external costs
Definition
the process of transforming external costs into internal costs so that the producer and consumer of a good pay the full cost of its production
Term
command-and-control regulations
Definition
a system of administrative or statutory rules that requires the meeting of certain standards of performance
Term
eco-tax
Definition
a fee levied by the government on each unit of environmental pollutant emitted
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