Term
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Definition
| A measure of a child's intellectual level that is independent of the child's chronological age(actual age). |
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Term
| intelligence quotient(IQ) |
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Definition
A calculation that quantifies intelligence by dividing mental age by chronological age. This mean score for I.Q. is 100.
So it is a child's mental age (MA) (as determined by how well he or she does on the test) is divided by his or her chronological age (CA) and multiplied by 100.
Major advantage = of I.Q. score over simple MA is that it gives an index of a child's I.Q. test performance relative to others of the same chronological age.
Major problem = with the ratio I.Q. score is that most people's mental development slows in their late teens.
MA (mental age) may remain fairly stable throughout adulthood, CA (chronological age) increases over time. |
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Term
| emotional intelligence(EQ) |
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Definition
The type of intelligence proposed by Daniel Goldman that is the ability to think about, and adapt to, emotion. People with high EQs have an exceptional ability to understand and deal with their own emotions and the emotions expressed by other people.
It is defined as a person's ability to understand, and adapt to, emotion, and emotional situations. |
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Term
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Definition
Believed to be a key component of creativity, this form of thinking involves generating many different possible solutions to a problem that has no one right answer.
It is thinking that produces many different correct answers to the same problem or question. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thinking that works toward the one best answer to a problem. |
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Term
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Definition
Some definitions include:
* The capacity to acquire and use knowledge.
* The total body of acquired knowledge.
* The ability to arrive at innovative solutions to problems
* The ability to deal effectively with one's environment
* Knowledge of one's culture
* The ability to do well in school
* The global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal efectively with the environment.
* Intelligence is what intelligence tests measure. |
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Term
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Definition
| reasoning and problem solving |
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Term
| crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
| specific knowledge gained from applying fluid intelligence |
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Term
triarchic theory of intelligence
(Robert Sternberg) |
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Definition
Three inportant parts of intelligence:
* componential intelligence (includes metacomponents, performance components, and knowledge-acquisition components)
* experiential intelligence (abilities to deal with novelty and to autmatize processing)
* contextual intelligence (practical intelligence and social intelligence) |
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Term
Multiple intelligences
(Howard Gardner) |
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Definition
| Proposed seven different components of intelligence that include not only language ability, logical-mathematical thinking, and spatial thinking but also musical, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal and intrapersonal thinking. |
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Term
factor analysis
(L.L. Thurstone) |
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Definition
a statistical technique used to find seven independent primary mental abilities:
- numerical ability
- reasoning
- verbal ability
- spatial visualization
- perceptual ability
- memory
- verbal comprehension |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed that intelligence consists of 150 distinct abilities. |
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Term
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Definition
Concluded that cognitive abilities could be narrowed down to one critical g-factor, or general intelligence.
(The s-factors represent specific knowledge needed to answer questions on aparticular test.) |
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Term
| Bayley Scales of Infant Intelligence |
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Definition
A test designed to be used wit infants aged 2 to 30 months.
There are three scales on this test, including the motor scale, the meental scale, and the infant behavior record. |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid decline in intellectual performance shortly before death |
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Term
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Definition
The ability to produce something new and unique or that combines elements in new ways.
Creative problem solving involves coming up with a solution that is both unusual and useful. |
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