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Chapter 8
Social Disorganization Theory: Social Structure, Communities, and Crime
8
Criminology
Undergraduate 3
04/03/2013

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Term
Collective Efficacy
Definition
Refers to the actual or perceived ability of the residents of a neighborhood to maintain informal social control over the criminal or deviant behavior of other residents.
Term
What are the factors of Concentrated Disadvantage?
Definition
1. % of families below poverty level
2. % of female headed households
3. % of families on welfare
4. % black
5. % unemployed
6. % under 18
Term
Concentric Zone Theory
Definition
Looks at a city with the graph of a target depicting a series of concentric zones. each zone represents a certain class of people. each zone is used to understand crime in a city.
Term
Social Capital
Definition
Refers to the investment in the community, and looks at things like club and organization membership, volunteer activities, political activities, and the general community engagement.
Term
Social Disorganization
Definition
Refers to the breakdown in traditional social control and organization in the society, community, neighborhood, or family so that deviant and criminal activity result. Often applied to urban crime.
Term
Structural Theories
Definition
Refers to the macro-level theories that account for differences in crime rates across communities by looking at variations in structural characteristics and conditions of each community
Term
Urban Ecology
Definition
A theory that views a city as analogous to the natural ecological community of plants and animals.
Term
Dramatization of evil
Definition
explains the making a criminal and the lure of criminal behaviour.
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