Shared Flashcard Set

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Chapter 8
Chapter 8
31
Biology
10th Grade
02/16/2009

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Cards

Term
Metabolism
Definition
Chemical Reactions That Occur Within Organisms; Emergent Property
Term
Metabolic pathway
Definition
System With Many Steps That Begin With A Specific Molecule And End With A Product; That Are Catalyzed By A Specific Enzyme
Term
Catabolic pathway
Definition
Metabolic Type; Breaks Down Molecules, Releases Energy
Term
Anabolic pathway
Definition
Metabolic Type; Builds Up Molecules, Absorbs/Consumes Energy
Term
Energy
Definition
The Capacity To Cause Change
Term
Kintetic Energy
Definition
Energy Associated With Motion
Term
Potential Energy
Definition
Energy That Is Possessed Because Of Its Location Or Structure
Term
Heat
Definition
Kinetic Energy Associated With Random Movements
Term
Thermodynamics
Definition
Study Of Transformations
Term
Closed systems
Definition
System Isolated From Surroundings
Term
open System
Definition
System Where Energy Is Transferred Between System And Surroundings
Term
First Law Of Thermodynamics
Definition
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed just changed in form
Term
Second law of thermodynamics
Definition
'Every transformation or transfer increases entropy in the universe'
Term
Entropy
Definition
Disorder
Term
Free Energy
Definition
Energy that can do work under cellular conditions
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
Complete 'peace' in a system
Term
Exergonic Reaction
Definition
Spontaneous; Net release of free energy; Reaction
Term
Endergonic Reaction
Definition
Absorbs free energy, non-spontaneous reaction
Term
ATP
Definition
Energy in a cell
Term
Energy Coupling
Definition
A key feature in the way cells manage their energy resources to do work
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A catalythic protein
Term
Catalyst
Definition
A chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction
Term
Activation Barrier
Definition
Every chemical reaction between molecules involving bond breaking and forming
Term
Activation energy
Definition
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
Term
Activation energy
Definition
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
Term
Substrate
Definition
The reactant an enzyme acts on
Term
Active site
Definition
The region where the enzyme and substrate bond
Term
Cofactors
Definition
Non protein enzyme helpers
Term
Coenzyme
Definition
Organic cofactors
Term
Enzyme inhibitors
Definition
Competive inhibitors bound to the active site
Term
Allosteric Regulation
Definition
Any case where a protein's function at one site is affected by the binding of a regulatory molecule at another site in the reaction
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