Term
The study of what genes are, how they carry information |
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Definition
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| A segment of DNA that encodes a functional production |
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| All of the genetic material in the cell |
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| Flow of genetic information for daughter cells |
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Definition
Parent cell replicates and divides into 2 daughter cells |
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| Flow of genetic information for recombinant cell? |
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Definition
| Parent cell becomes a recombinatnt cell |
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What is the backbone of DNA? |
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Definition
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| Are strands antiparallel? |
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Definition
| Yes, they are, staring with a 5 - 3 |
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| Area on the DNA where it splits and forms 2 daughter DNAs |
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| It is copied by DNA polymerase |
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| What direction does DNA go in? |
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| Which strand is synthesized continously? |
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| Which strand is synthesized discontinouly? |
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| What are okazaki fragments? |
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Definition
| They are the pieces that complete the new DNA |
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| What direction does the lagging strand go in? |
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Joins all the okazaki fragments together |
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| What does DNA polymerase do? |
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Is DNA semiconservative and why? |
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Definition
| Yes bc it still retains half of the original |
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When DNA is transcribe to RNA |
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| In what direction does the transcription read? |
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| When does the transcription stop? |
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Definition
| when it reaches the terminator sequence |
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Definition
| When the mRNA is translated into codons (3 nucleotides) |
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| Translation of mRNA always starts with what codon? |
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| Translation of mRNA always ends with these stop codons |
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| How many possible combination are there for 3 letter codons? |
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| Does a ribosome wait until the codon is finish being made? |
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Definition
| No it reads it while its being made |
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Term
| What rides along the DNA and reads AUG and initiates the anticodon which is the opposite of AUG = UAC(Methynine) |
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enzymes that are expressed at fix rates |
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| During translation, what is being made? |
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| controls the mechanism on DNA |
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Cells love clucose but if it is't available, what is the other alternative |
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Definition
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| A change in the genetic material |
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| an agent that causes mutation |
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| What is spontaneous mutation? |
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| Occurs in the absence of mutagen |
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Result in change in amino acid |
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| Result in a nonsense codon |
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| Insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotide pairs |
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| What can UV radiation cause? |
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Definition
| It can cause thymine dimers |
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| What seperates thymine dimers? |
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Term
Positive direct selection |
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Definition
| detects mutant cells bc they grow or appear different |
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| Negative indirect mutation |
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Definition
| Detects mutant cells because they do not grow |
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| What is a replicating plate? |
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Definition
| A replicating plate is when you use a velvet handle to make a carbon copy of a medium and if there is a missing colony, then mutation occured |
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Term
| What is the ames test for chemical carcinogens? |
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Definition
| its a test that takes suspected mutagen and put into a media lacking histidine and after incubation colonoies would grow but on the one that doesn't have a suspected mutagen in it forms colonies, then spontaneous mutagen occured |
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