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Chapter 8
Mrs. Royer
44
Biology
10th Grade
11/28/2007

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Cards

Term

 

 

osmotic pressure

 

Definition

 

 

is a pressure crated by osmosis.

Term

 

 

osmosis

Definition

 

 

the diffusion of water.

Term

 

 

cellular transport

Definition

 

 

is the movement of molecules through the plasmam membrane into and out of the cell.

Term

 

 

channel proteins

Definition

 

 

form channels allow specific molecules to pass through the membrane.

Term

 

 

carrier

Definition

 

 

to carry substences across the plasma membrane.

Term

 

 

active transport

Definition

 

 

movement throught the plasma membrane requiring energy.

Term

 

 

endocytosis

Definition

 

 

plasma membrane surrounds particle bringing it into the cell.

Term

 

 

phagocytosis

Definition

 

 

when endocytosis involes large molecules.

Term

 

 

pinocytosis

Definition

 

 

endocytosis of when.

Term

 

 

exocytosis

Definition

 

 

plasma membrane changes shape to remove substences.

Term

 

 

facilitated diffusion

Definition

 

 

diffusion with the assistance of transport proteins.

Term

 

 

passive transport

Definition

 

 

the movement of molecules across the plasma membrane with any any energy being requried.

Term

 

 

plasmolyed

Definition

 

 

when the plasma membrane and cell shrinks.

Term

 

 

contractile vacume

Definition

 

 

a pump to force out access water.

Term

 

 

isotonic solution

Definition

 

 

is a solution whos constontration is the same as the interior of the cell.

Term

 

 

hypotonic solution

Definition

 

 

is a solution that is less consontrated and more dalute.

Term

 

 

hypertonic solution

Definition

 

 

is a solution that is more consontrated and less daluted.

Term

 

 

cell division

Definition

 

 

the process from which new cells are produced from one cell.

Term

 

 

chromation

Definition

 

 

long stringy strands of DNA.

Term

 

 

 

histones

Definition

 

 

chromation that is wrapped around protein.

Term

 

 

cycle

Definition

 

 

a circular series of events.

 

 

Term

 

 

cell cycle

Definition

 

 

a series of events that occur in a life of cells.

Term

 

 

cyclins

Definition

 

 

proteins that control the cell cycle.

Term

 

 

cancer

Definition

 

 

uncontrolled cell division.

Term

 

 

genes

Definition

 

 

segments of DNA.

Term

 

 

tumors

Definition

 

 

masses of cancerous tissue.

Term

 

 

metastasis

Definition

 

 

when cancer spreads throughout the body.

Term

 

 

chromosomes

Definition

 

 

a threadlike linear of DNA.

Term

 

 

carotendoids

Definition

 

 

yellow-orange pigments that are believed to prevent cancer.

Term

 

 

centrioles

Definition

 

 

One of two cylindrical cellular structures .

Term

 

 

telophase

Definition

 

 

the final stage of mitosis. which the separated chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the dividing cell and the nuclei of the daughter cells form around the two sets of chromosomes.

Term

 

 

anaphase

Definition

 

 

following metaphase in which the daughter chromosomes move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell.

Term

 

 

metaphase

Definition

 

 

which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle.

Term

 

 

spindle

Definition

 

 

shaped structure, composed of microtubules, that forms near the cell nucleus during mitosis.

Term

 

 

prophase

Definition

 

 

firse stage of mitosis. during which the nuclear envelope breaks down and strands of chromatin form into chromosomes.

Term

 

 

centromere

Definition

 

 

a specialized structure on the chromosome, appearing during cell division as the constricted central region where the two chromatids are held together.

Term

 

 

cytokinesis

Definition

 

 

the division of the cytoplasm.

Term

 

 

cell plate

Definition

 

 

a plate that develops at the midpoint between the two groups of chromosomes in a dividing cell and that is involved in forming the wall between the two new daughter cells.

Term

 

 

tissue

Definition

 

similar cells that have similar functions.

Term

 

 

organs

Definition

 

 

A differentiated part of an organism, such as an eye, wing, or leaf, that performs a specific function.

Term

 

 

organ system

Definition

 

 

organs that work together.

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