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Chapter 8
Energy Balance & Body Comp vocab
19
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/29/2007

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Term
APPETITE
Definition
integrated response to sight, smell, thought, or taste of food that initiates or delays eating
Term
HUNGER
Definition

painful sensation caused by a lack of food that initiates food-seeking behavior.

Term
HYPOTHALAMUS
Definition
brain center controlling maintenance of:

- H2O balance
- body temp
- appetite
Term
SATIATION
Definition

feeling of satisfaction and fullness that occurs during a meal and halts eating.

Term

NEUROPEPTIDE Y

Definition

produced in the brain; stimulates appetite, diminishes energy expenditure, increases fat storage.

Term

THERMOGENESIS

Definition
generation of heat. can be measured to determine amount of energy expended.
Term
BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)
Definition
total energy/weight; strict test measuring energy used for "survival"
Term
RESTING METABOLIC RATE (RMR)
Definition
similar to BMR, but under less strict conditions.
Term
LEAN BODY MASS
Definition
= body - fat content
Term

THERMIC EFFECT OF FOOD

Definition
estimation of the energy required to process food.
Term
BODY COMPOSITION
Definition
proportions of muscle, bone, fat and other tissues that make up a person's total body weight.
Term
BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
Definition

weight/height2; result determines what range you fall in (underweight, normal, overweight, or obese)

Term
UNDERWEIGHT
Definition

BMI below 18.5

Term
OVERWEIGHT
Definition

BMI between 25 and 29.9

Term
OBESE
Definition
BMI over 30
Term

INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT

Definition

fat stored within the abdominal cavity, as opposed to fat directly under the skin.

Term
CENTRAL OBESITY
Definition
excess fat in the abdominal area.
Term
WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE
Definition

anthropometric measurement used to asses abdominal fat.

Term
INSULIN RESISTANCE
Definition
condition in which a normal amount of insulin produces a subnormal effect in muscle, adipose and liver cells; consequence of obesity.
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