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Definition
| any change in an organisms genetic material |
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| caused by a mutation that effects the pigment producing cells in the skin |
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| Lethal mutations cause _____________. |
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| One of the main types of mutations is ___________________. |
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| occurs when there are changes in the sequence of bases in the segment of DNA that makes up a gene ; when a cell uses a mutated DNA segment to make mRNA the RNA will contain the wrong code. Any proteins the cell produces using this RNA will probably be incorrect |
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| occur in body cells (cells that do not make gametes); not passed on to future generations |
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| occur in gametes or the cells that form gametes; can effect the organisms offspring |
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| change involving the number of chromosomes or the number or location of genes on a chromosome |
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| as known as the bleeders disease or the disease of royalty; it is one of the first diseased to be caused by heredity; it occurs in one male out of every 10,000; do not have a certain clotting chemical in their blood making them able to bleed to death from a minor injury |
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| A mutation that changes the sequence of bases in DNA is called a ____________ mutation. |
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| Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
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| causes the muscles first to enlarge and swell and then to shrink and waste away; a sex-linked disorder; 1 in 3,500 males; loses their ability to walk and sit & dies in their early teens |
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| Mutations usually occur ______________. |
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| When God ___________ the ground, a major change occurred in living things. |
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| a recessive trait that is one of the major killers of children; a disease that affects both the mucus and sweat glands of the body; |
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| A mutation that results in the death of the organism is a __________ mutation. |
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| caused by a recessive gene; doesn't occur until child is 6 mo old; lack a special enzyme that breaks down fatty substances; suffers seizures, brain damage, paralysis, death; usually dies before 5th birthday |
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| A seedless watermelon that has three sets of chromosomes is a type of _____________ mutations. |
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| the number of sets of chromosomes |
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| __________ are genetically identical organisms. |
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| _________________ is a human disorder usually caused by a change in ploidy. Usually have 3 of the 21st chromosome instead of 2. Giving them a total of 47 chromosomes instead of 46. |
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Definition
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| A _________ is a change in an organisms genetic makeup. |
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Definition
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| What are mutations that result in death called? |
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Definition
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| Explain why somatic mutations are not passed on to the next generation? |
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Definition
| Your skin cells do not make gametes |
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| Were all of Queen Victoria's children equally affected by hemophilia? Explain. |
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Definition
| No, one son had hemophilia and two daughters were carriers of that trait because... |
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| A ___________ mutation will not affect the offspring. |
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Definition
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| A _______________mutation may involve entire chromosomes. |
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Definition
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| A ______________ is a change in genetic material. |
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Definition
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| Some mutations have so little effect that they are __________________. |
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Definition
| Having one pair of each kind of chromosome in an organism; two complete sets of however many chromosomes you have |
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| A mutation in the ________________ gene causes albinism. |
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| _________________ usually involves the twenty-first chromosome. |
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| What type of mutation causes Down Syndrome? |
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| In ______________, man chooses organisms with desirable traits & breeds them hoping that their offspring will have those same traits. |
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| the mating of an organism with its close relatives or in the case of plants with itself for certain desirable traits |
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| a group of organisms that is purebred for certain characteristics |
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| a method used to produce animals and plants with desirable traits; breeding individuals with different varieties to produce offspring that have the traits of both parents |
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| the offspring produced by cross-breeding is stronger than their parents |
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| uses living organisms to make new more desirable organisms or products |
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| using special techniques to control the genetic make up of an organism |
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| the result of a single sperm and ovium uniting; the zygote spontaniusly divides and develops into two separate individuals in the same womb at the same time; technically they are clones because they share the same genetic make up |
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| the result of two sperm and two ova uniting separately; the two zygotes develop as separate individuals in the same womb at the same time; although they are born together they do not have the same genetic make up; |
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Definition
| a complete set of organisms genes |
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Definition
| study all twenty-three pairs of chromosomes |
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| Natural human clones are called ________________. |
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Definition
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| To produce a liter of purebred dogs, would you mate a poodle with a poodle or a poodle with a beagle? |
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Definition
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| Does cross breeding usually produce breeds or hybrids? |
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Definition
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| What is the purpose of the human genome project? |
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Definition
| They are working to match human genes on our chromosomes to all human traits |
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| What type of mutation involves a change in the DNA base sequence? |
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Definition
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| Which type of mutation (germ or somatic) affects the offspring of an organism? |
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Definition
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| What genetic disease is famous for affecting European royalty? |
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Definition
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| Which causes a change in ploidy - a change in DNA based sequences or a change in the number of chromosomes? |
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Definition
| a change in the number of chromosomes |
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Term
| Are dog breeds produced by inbreeding or by genetic engineering? |
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Definition
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| Why are fraternal twins not considered clones? |
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Definition
| because they do not have the same genetic makeup |
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| Give one way in which genetic engineering has already benefited man. |
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Definition
| It can supply insulin for people's bodies who cannot produce it. |
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| Since the fall of man, creation has ____________. |
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Definition
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| Any change in an organisms genetic material is a _________________. |
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Definition
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| A mutation that is the result of a change in the order of the bases in a segment of DNA is called a ____________________. |
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Definition
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| Mutations that are passed on to the following generation are called _______________. |
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Definition
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| True or False. Mutations can occur at any time. |
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| True or False. Inbreeding and crossbreeding are both examples of selective breeding. |
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Definition
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| Suppose a farmer raises purebred sheep that grow short white wool. His neighbor raises purebred sheep that grow long brown wool. The farmers breed their sheep to produce sheep that grow long, white wool. Would this be an example of crossbreeding or inbreeding? |
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| Biotechnology has been used for thousands of years. True or False. |
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Definition
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| A clone is a _________________. |
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Definition
| a group of organisms that have identical genetic makeup |
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| Fraternal twins have the same ______________. |
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Definition
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| According to the text, genetic engineering on humans is never acceptable. True or False. |
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Definition
| is a disease that results when hemoglobin is not formed properly. Causes the cells of the red blood cells to change from round discs to crescent/sickle shaped not passing thru the blood vessels smoothly, clumping |
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