Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms that make their own food. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume. |
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Term
| What must all organisms release their energy in? |
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Definition
| Sugars and other compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does ATP consist of? |
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Definition
| Adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called ribose, and three phosphate groups. |
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Term
| How is ADP different from ATP? |
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Definition
| ADP has two phosphate groups. |
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Term
| How is energy added to ADP and what does it change into? |
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Definition
| A phosphate group is added and it changes into ATP. |
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Term
| What are some functions that ATP can preform? |
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Definition
| Active Transport, Protein Synthesis, and Muscle Contraction |
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Term
| How is energy released from ATP? |
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Definition
| The third phosphate group breaks off. |
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Term
| How much ATP are in cells? And why? |
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Definition
| Very little, Because ATP is not good for storing large amounts of energy, and only a few seconds of energy comes out of ATP |
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Term
| What did Van Helmont discover? |
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Definition
| That plants use water to make them grow. |
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Term
| What did Priestly discover? |
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Definition
| He discovered that plants produce oxygen |
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Term
| What did Jan Ingenhousz discover? |
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Definition
| That plants need sunlight in order to grow. |
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Term
| What is the photosynthesis equation? |
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Definition
| Carbon Dioxide + Water ->(light)-> Sugars + oxygen |
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Term
| What does photosynthesis produce? |
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Definition
| Sugars, Starches and Oxygen |
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Term
| What gather the sun's energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of chlorophyll? |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b |
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Term
| When was photosynthesis discovered? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are saclike photosynthetic membranes? And where are they found? |
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Definition
| Thylakoids for in Choloroplasts |
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Term
| What are stacks of thylakoids called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two reactions which take place during photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| Light-dependent Reactions and Light-Independent Reactions |
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Term
| What is the other name for light-dependent reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do each reaction take place? |
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Definition
| Light-dependent reactions in the thylakoid membrane--------Calvin Cycle in the stroma. |
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Term
| What is the carrier molecule in photsynthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does NADP+ become NADPH? |
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Definition
| When NADP+ holds high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion |
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Term
| What can happen when NADP+ is changed into NADPH? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do Light-Dependent Reactions (LDRs) produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does photosynthesis begin? |
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Definition
| When the pigments in photosystem 2 absorb light. |
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Term
| Describe the process of LDRs |
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Definition
| Pigemts abosorb sunlight in Photosystem 2, then High Energy Electrons are passed through the electron transport chain, then the electrons are recharged in photosystem 1 and form NADPH, then hydrogen ions move to the thylakoid membrane, finally, the hydrogen ions pass through ATP synthase and the energy is used to convert ADP to ATP. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein on the membrane of the thylakoid, and H+ ions pass through it |
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Term
| Who was the Calvin Cycle named after? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the Calvin Cycle |
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Definition
| First, six CO2 molecules enter and combine with six 5-carbon molecules and produce twelve 3-carbon molecules, then ATP and NADPH give the molecules more energy, then two 3-carbon molecules are removed to produce other compunds, the the remaining ten 3-carbon molcules are converted into six 5-carbon molecules to be used in the reaction again. |
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Term
| What factors affect photosynthesis? and at what levels? |
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Definition
| Water (more water speeds up photosynthesis), Temperature (between 0-35 degrees Celsius), Intensity of light (eventually peaks) |
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