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| Defines acceptable uses of the firm's information resources and computing equipment, including desktop and laptop computers, wireless devices, telephones, and the Internet, and specifies consequences for noncompliance. |
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| Policies and procedures a company uses to prevent improper access to systems by unauthorized insiders and outsiders. |
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| Software designed to detect, and often eliminate, computer viruses from an information system. |
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| Specific controls unique to each computerized application such as payroll or order processing. They include both automated and manual procedures that ensure that only authorized data are completely and accurately processed by the applications. |
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| The ability of each party in a transaction to ascertain the identity of the other party. |
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| Authorization Management Systems |
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Definition
| Systems for allowing each user access only to those portions of a system or the Web that person is permitted to enter, based on information established by a set of access rules. |
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| Determine differing levels of access to information assets for different levels of users in an organization |
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| Technology for authenticating system users that compares a person's unique characteristics such as fingerprints, face, or retinal image, against a stored set profile of these characteristics. |
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| A group of computers that have been infected with bot malware without users' knowledge, enabling a hacker to use the amassed resources of the computers to launch distributed denial-of-service attacks, phishing campaigns or spam. |
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| or program code defects. The main source of bugs is the complexity of decision-making code. |
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| Business Continuity Planning |
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Definition
| Planning that focuses on how the company can restore business operations after a disaster strikes. |
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| Occurs when an individual or computer program fraudulently clicks on an online ad without any intention of learning more about the advertiser or making a purchase. |
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| The commission of illegal acts through the use of a computer or against a computer system. |
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| The scientific collection,examination, authentication, preservation, and analysis of data held on or retrieved from computer storage media in such a way that the information can be used as evidence in a court of law. |
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| Rogue software program that attaches itself to other software programs or data files in order to be executed, often causing hardware and software malfunctions. |
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| All of the methods, policies, and procedures that ensure protection of the organization's assets, accuracy and reliability of its records, and operational adherence to management standards. |
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| Intentional disruption, defacement, or even destruction of a Web site or corporate information system. |
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Term
| Deep packet inspection (DPI) |
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Definition
| Technology for managing network traffic by examining data packets, sorting out low-priority data from higher priority business-critical data, and sending packets in order of priority. |
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| Denial-of-service (DoS) attack |
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Definition
| Flooding a network server or Web server with false communications or requests for services in order to crash the network. |
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Definition
| Attachments to an electronic message to verify the identity of the sender and to provide the receiver with the means to encode a reply. |
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| Disaster recovery planning |
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Definition
| Planning for the restoration of computing and communications services after they have been disrupted. |
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Term
| Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack |
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Definition
| Uses numerous computers to inundate and overwhelm a network from numerous launch points. |
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| Period of time in which an information system is not operational. |
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Definition
| The coding and scrambling of messages to prevent their being read or accessed without authorization |
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Definition
| Wireless networks that pretend to be legitimate Wi-Fi- networks to entice participants to log on and reveal passwords or credit card numbers |
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| Fault-tolerant computer systems |
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Definition
| Systems that contain extra hardware, software, and power supply components that can back a system up and keep it running to prevent system failure. |
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Definition
| govern the design, security, and use of computer programs and the security of data files in general throughout the organization's information technology infrastructure. |
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| requires financial institutions to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer data. |
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Definition
| a person who gains unauthorized access to a computer network for profit, criminal mischief, or personal pleasure. |
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Definition
| tools and technology, including backup hardware resources, to enable a system to recover quickly from a crash. |
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Definition
| Law Outlining Medical security and privacy rules and procedures for simplifying the administration of health-care billing and automating the transfer of healthcare data between healthcare providers, payers, and plans. |
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Term
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Definition
| Theft of key pieces of personal information, such as credit card or Social Security Numbers, in order to obtain merchandise and services in the name of the victim or to obtain false credentials. |
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Term
| Intrusion Detection System |
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Definition
| Tools to monitor the most vulnerable points in a network to detect and deter unauthorized intruders. |
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Definition
| Spyware that records every keystroke made on a computer. |
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Definition
| Malicious software programs such as computer viruses, worms, and Trojanhorses. |
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Term
| Managed Security Service Providers |
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Definition
| Companies that provide security management services for subscribing clients. |
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Definition
| Identifies all of the controls that govern individual information systems and assesses their effectiveness. |
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Term
| Online Transaction Processing |
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Definition
| Transaction processing mode in which transactions entered online are immediately processed by the computer. |
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Term
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Definition
| small pieces of software that repair flaws in programs without disturbing the proper operation of the software. |
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Definition
| Phishing technique that redirects users to a bogus web page, even when the individual types the correct web page address into his or her browser. |
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Definition
| A form of spoofing involving setting up fake websites or sending email messages that look like those of legitimate businesses to ask users for confidential personal data. |
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Term
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Definition
| uses two keys: one shared (for public) and one private. |
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| Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) |
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Definition
| system for creating public and private keys using a certificate authority (CA) and digital certificates for authentication. |
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Term
| Recovery-oriented computing |
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Definition
| Computer systems designed to recover rapidly when mishaps occur. |
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Definition
| Determining the potential frequency of the occurrence of a problem and the potential damage if the problem were to occur. Used to determine the cost/benefit of a control. |
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Term
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Definition
| Law passed in 2002 that imposes responsibility on companies and their management to protect investors by safeguarding the accuracy and integrity of financial information that is used internally and released externally. |
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Term
| Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (S-HTTP) |
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Definition
| Protocol used for encrypting data flowing over the internet; limited to individual messages. |
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Term
| Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) |
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Definition
| Enables client and server computers to manage encryption and decryption activities as they communicate with each other during a secure Web session. |
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Term
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Definition
| policies, procedures, and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized access, alteration, theft, or physical damage to information systems. |
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Term
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Definition
| statements ranking information risks, identifying acceptable security goals, and identifying the mechanisms for achieving these goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| a credit-card-size plastic card that stores digital information and that can be used for electronic payments in place of cash. |
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Definition
| a type of eavesdropping program that monitors information traveling over a network. |
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Definition
| Tricking people into revealing their passwords by pretending to be legitimate users or members of a company in need of information. |
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Definition
| misrepresenting one's identity on the Internet or redirecting a web link to an address different from the intended one, with the site masquerading as the intended destination. |
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Definition
| technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| physical device, similar to an identification card, that is designed to prove the identity of a single user. |
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Definition
| A software program that appears legitimate but contains a second hidden function that may cause damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| an eavesdropping technique in which eavesdroppers drive by buildings or park outside and try to intercept wireless network traffic. |
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Term
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Definition
| independent software programs that propagate themselves to disrupt the operation of computer networks or destroy data and other programs. |
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