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Chapter 7: Respiratory System
Oct. 20th
50
Pharmacology
Professional
10/19/2014

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Term
alveol/o
Definition
alveolus (air sac)
Term
bronch/o, bronchi/o
Definition
bronchus (airway)
Term
bronchiol/o
Definition
bronchiole (little airway)
Term
capn/o, carb/o
Definition
carbon dioxide
Term
laryng/o
Definition
larynx (voice box)
Term
lob/o
Definition
lobe (a portion)
Term
nas/o, rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
or/o
Definition
mouth
Term
ox/o
Definition
oxygen
Term
palat/o
Definition
palate
Term
pharyng/o
Definition
pharynx (throat)
Term
phren/o
Definition
diaphragm (also mind)
Term
pleur/o
Definition
pleura (lining of lungs)
Term
pneum/o, pneumon/o
Definition
air or lung
Term
pulmon/o
Definition
lung
Term
sinus/o
Definition
sinus (cavity)
Term
spir/o, -pnea (suffix)
Definition
breathing
Term
thorac/o, pector/o, steth/o
Definition
chest
Term
tonsill/o
Definition
tonsil
Term
trache/o
Definition
trachea (windpipe)
Term
uvul/o
Definition
uvula
Term
nose
Definition
structure that warms, moistens, and filters air as it enters the respiratory tract; also houses the olfactory receptors for the sense of smell
Term
sinuses
Definition
air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity
Term
palate
Definition
roof of the mouth; partition between the oral and nasal cavitites; divided into the hard and soft palate
Term
hard palate
Definition
body anterior (front) portion of the palate
Term
soft palate
Definition
muscular posterior (back) portion of the palate
Term
pharynx
Definition
throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and for air to the larynx
Term
nasopharynx
Definition
part of the pharynx directly behind the nasal passages
Term
oropharynx
Definition
central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth and the upper edge of epiglottis
Term
laryngopharynx
Definition
lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus
Term
tonsils
Definition
oval lymphatic tissues on each side of the pharynx that filter air to protect the body from bacterial invasion; also called palatine tonsils
Term
adenoid
Definition
lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil
Term
uvula
Definition
small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate; named for its grape-like shape
Term
larynx
Definition
voice box; passageway for air moving from the pharynx to the trachea; contains the vocal cords
Term
glottis
Definition
openng betwen the vocal cords in the larynx
Term
epiglottis
Definition
a lid-like structure that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway
Term
trachea
Definition
windpipe; passageway for air from the larynx to the area of the carina, where it splits into the right and left bronchi
Term
bronchial tree
Definition
branched airways that lead from the trachea to the microscopic air sacs called alveoli
Term
right and left bronchus
Definition
two primary airways branching from the area of the carina
Term
alveoli
Definition
thin-walled, microscopic air sacs that exchange gases
Term
lungs
Definition
two spongy organs in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage; resposible for respiration
Term
lobes
Definition
subdivisions of the lung, with two on the left and three on the right
Term
pleura
Definition
membranes enclosing the lung (visceral pleura) and lining the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura)
Term
pleural cavity
Definition
potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura
Term
diaphragm
Definition
muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and that moves the upward and downward to aid in respiration
Term
mediastinum
Definition
partition that separates the thorax into two compartments (containing the right and left lungs) and that encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland
Term
mucous membranes
Definition
thin sheets of tissue that line respiratory passages and secrete mucus, a viscid (sticky) fluid
Term
cilia
Definition
hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, to move mucous cell secretions upward
Term
parenchyma
Definition
functional tissues of any organ, such as the tissues of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts, and sacs that perform respiration
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