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Chapter 7- Plate Tectonics
earth/space science chapter 7
28
Science
8th Grade
11/08/2011

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Cards

Term
Who had created the hypothesis of Continental Drift?
Definition
Alfred Weneger
Term
Why did Continental Drift NOT become a theory? (Great Debate)
Definition

1. scientists didn't acccept it

2. he could not explain why they moved

Term
What were the 4 pieces of evidence that Wegener had?
Definition

1. Fossils

2. continental jigsaw

3. rock pieces match up

4. glaciers

Term
Continental Drift
Definition
all the continents begin together as a super continent and slowly drifted away on their own
Term
How does the new theory differ from the old one?
Definition
It explains why and how the continents moved
Term
What drives plate movement?
Definition
Heat (convection)
Term
seafloor spreading
Definition
process of producing new seafloor between two diverging plates
Term
subduction zones
Definition
long narrow zone where one plate goes beneath another
Term
oceanic ridges
Definition
elevated ocean floor
Term
Volcanic Island Arc
Definition
chain of volcanic islands
Term
fracture zones
Definition
breaks in the oceanic crust
Term
Why are ridges elevated?
Definition
hot magma rises due to density
Term
How does the subduction of a cool slab cause mantle rock to melt?
Definition
water being squeezed out of a rock
Term
Fossil Magnetism
Definition
When rocks exhibit the same magnetism as the present magnetic field
Term
Paleomagnetism
Definition
natural remains of magnetism in rock bodies
Term
reverse polarity
Definition
rocks exhibiting opposite magnetism
Term
what are the 3 evidences of plate tectonics?
Definition

1. ocean drilling

2. hot spots

3. paleomagnetism

Term
What is the Evidence for Ocean Drilling?
Definition

1. Age of Rock is equal as it goes further away from ridge

2. the amount of sediment increases the further you go away from the ridge.

Term
What is the Evidence for hotspots?
Definition
1. The further you get from Hawaii, the age of the volcanoes increases
Term
What is the evidence for Paleomagnetism?
Definition

1. polar wandering data: magnetic rocks are not lined up with the poles

2. earths magnetic field reverses polarity

 

Term
What causes seafloor spreading?
Definition
Rifting
Term
what happens at a subduction zone?
Definition

lesss dense plate slides under more dense plate

*where volcanoes occur

Term
What are the 3 types of Plate Boundaries?
Definition

1. Divergent

2. Convergent

3. Transform

Term
What are the features of Divergent Boundaries?
Definition

1. mid-ocean ridges

2. rift valleys

3. fissure volcanoes

4. earthquakes at fracture zones

Term
What are the features of ocean-ocean boundaries?
Definition

1. deep ocean trenches

2. eathquakes

3. oceanic arc volcanoes

Term
What are the features of ocean-continent boundaries?
Definition

1. earthquakes

2. continental volcanic arc

3. trenches

Term
What are the features of continent-continent boundaries?
Definition

1. earthquakes

2. mountains

Term
What are the features of transform boundaries?
Definition

1. fracture zones

2. earthquakes

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