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Chapter 7-9
Key Concepts
116
Health Care
Undergraduate 3
09/01/2014

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Cards

Term
AIDS
Definition
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Term
BE
Definition
barium enema
Term
bx
Definition
biopsy
Term
c(with a line over it)
Definition
with
Term
CA
Definition
cancer
Term
CAD
Definition
coronary artery disease
Term
cc
Definition
cubic centimeter
Term
CHF
Definition
congestive heart failure
Term
CNS
Definition
central nervous system
Term
COPD
Definition
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Term
CSF
Definition
cerebrospinal fluid
Term
CT
Definition
computed tomography
Term
CXR
Definition
chest x-ray
Term
DOB
Definition
date of birth
Term
DX
Definition
diagnosis
Term
ECG/EKG
Definition
electrocardiogram
Term
ER/ED
Definition
emergency room/department
Term
FUO
Definition
fever of undetermined origin
Term
GI
Definition
gastrointestinal
Term
HH
Definition
hiatal hernia
Term
HIV
Definition
human immunodeficiency virus
Term
H/O
Definition
history of
Term
ICU
Definition
intensive care unit
Term
IV
Definition
intravenous
Term
IVP
Definition
intravenous pyelogram
Term
KUB
Definition
kidneys, ureters, and bladder
Term
lat
Definition
lateral
Term
LMP
Definition
last menstrual period
Term
mets
Definition
metastases
Term
MI
Definition
myocardial infarction
Term
MRI/MR
Definition
magnetic resonance imaging
Term
NG
Definition
nasogastric
Term
npo
Definition
nothing by mouth
Term
OB
Definition
obstetrics
Term
OR
Definition
operating room
Term
peds
Definition
pediatrics
Term
post-OP
Definition
after surgery
Term
pre-OP
Definition
before surgery
Term
R/O
Definition
rule out
Term
ROM
Definition
range of motion
Term
s(with a line over it)
Definition
without
Term
SOB
Definition
shortness of breath
Term
STAT
Definition
immediately
Term
TB
Definition
tuberculosis
Term
TIA
Definition
transient ischemic attack
Term
TPN
Definition
total parenteral nutrition
Term
UA
Definition
urinalysis
Term
UGI
Definition
upper gastrointestinal series
Term
URI
Definition
upper respiratory infection
Term
UTI
Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
y/o
Definition
years old
Term
ARRT
Definition
american registry of radiologic technologist
Term
JRCERT
Definition
Joint review committee on education in rad tech
Term
OSHA
Definition
occupational safety and health administration
Term
RT
Definition
rad tech
Term
anode
Definition
positive electrode
Term
automatic collimation
Definition
automatically fitting to the IR
Term
bucky
Definition
movable grid
Term
cassette
Definition
container holding IR
Term
cathode
Definition
negative electrode
Term
collimator
Definition
lead shutters that limit beam
Term
contrast
Definition
differences in densities in image, allows details to be seen
Term
density
Definition
degree of blackening on image
Term
distortion
Definition
misrepresentation of size or shape
Term
focal spot
Definition
are of the anode in the x-ray tube from which x-rays emanate
Term
grid
Definition
device between patient and IR, absorbs scatter
Term
imaging plate (IP)
Definition
device made of photostimulable phosphor that absorbs the photon energies exiting the patient
Term
intensifying screens
Definition
mounted in cassette, glows when struck by radiation and expose the film
Term
kVP
Definition
kilovolt peak
Term
mAs
Definition
milliampere seconds, determines the number of rays produced
Term
object to image receptor distance
Definition
distance from the part being examined to the device that is detecting radiation
Term
PACS
Definition
picture archiving and communications system
Term
recorded detail
Definition
sharpness of lines
Term
remnant beam
Definition
x-ray beam that exits patient
Term
source to image receptor distance
Definition
distance from the source of radiation tot he device that is detecting the radiation
Term
source to object distance
Definition
distance from the source of radiation to the part being examined
Term
window level
Definition
midpoint of densities in a digital image
Term
x-ray tube
Definition
an evacuated glass bulb with positive and negative electrodes
Term
accelerating the electrons
Definition
takes several thousand volts of electricity
Term
electrodes strike the anode with a high kinetic energy
Definition
brings the electrons to a sudden stop and creates energy
Term
by-product of energy conversion
Definition
>99% heat and <1% x-rays
Term
primary advantages of digital imaging
Definition
post processing and computer storage
Term
2 types of digital imaging in use
Definition
1. computed radiography
2. direct digital radiography (no cassette)
Term
intensifying screen
Definition
accounts for 95% of image (the other %5 is from the x-rays)
Term
x-ray film
Definition
sheet of polyester plastic that is coated with gelatin and silver
Term
fluoroscopy
Definition
live action view of the interior of the body, must be a radiologist present
Term
computed tomography
Definition
cross sectional views of the body, several slices of information with one exposure
Term
Positron Emission Tomography
Definition
uses radiopharmaceutical agent injected into body to determine organ physiological condition
Term
Nuclear Medicine
Definition
radioactive materials introduced into the body to produce images of major organs
Term
Portables
Definition
used in the OR, ICU, and burn unit
Term
sonography
Definition
high frequency sound waves that echo off the interior of the body
(use the doppler technique for blood flow)
Term
PACS
Definition
a network full of images and patient info that can be accessed from any workstation
Term
external preparation
Definition
removing anything that might show up on an x-ray like necklaces, bras, zippers, braces
Term
internal preparation
Definition
cleansing enema or contrast media
Term
contrast media
Definition
1. iodine based
2. barium based
3. air
Term
iodine
Definition
x-rays cannot readily pass through but can be absorbed by the body
Term
barium
Definition
cannot be absorbed by the body, very few allergic reactions
Term
when to x-ray the head
Definition
possible fractures, locate foreign bodies, or examine abnormalities
Term
bone studies
Definition
usually require 2 views while joints often need an additional view
Term
why x-ray the spine
Definition
trauma, arthritis, curvatures, spasms, or slipped vertebrae
Term
why x-ray the abdomen
Definition
foreign masses, calcifications, distribution of air, the size, shape, and location of major organs, bony or soft tissue damage.
Term
esophagram
Definition
patient swallows barium to see tumors, constrictions, and spasms
Term
upper GI
Definition
use the barium, radiograph the abdomen to show progress of abdomen (at least an hour)
Term
barium enema
Definition
exam of colon
Term
IVP
Definition
iodinated contrast through vein to view kidney's, ureters, ans bladder to visualize and evaluate function
Term
cystogram
Definition
study of urinary bladder
Term
voiding cystourethrogram
Definition
peeing under fluoroscopic observation
Term
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Definition
contrast in the bile duct to check for abnormalities in pancreas
Term
arteriogram/angiogram
Definition
iodine contrast to visualize arteries of a particular region
Term
arthrogram
Definition
evaluates structures in and around joint spaces (mostly knee and shoulder)
Term
hysterosalpingogram
Definition
exam of uterus and fallopian tubes using an oil based iodinated contrast
Term
lithotripsy
Definition
using sonic shock waves to destroy kidney stones
Term
mammogram
Definition
high contrast film used and breasts are compressed
Term
myelogram
Definition
exam of subarachnoid space of spinal cord
Term
sialogram
Definition
study of salivary glands
Term
venogram
Definition
radiographs of the veins in a particular are of the body
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