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| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
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| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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| emergency room/department |
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| fever of undetermined origin |
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| human immunodeficiency virus |
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| kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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| magnetic resonance imaging |
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| transient ischemic attack |
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| total parenteral nutrition |
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| upper gastrointestinal series |
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| upper respiratory infection |
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| american registry of radiologic technologist |
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| Joint review committee on education in rad tech |
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| occupational safety and health administration |
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| automatically fitting to the IR |
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| lead shutters that limit beam |
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| differences in densities in image, allows details to be seen |
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| degree of blackening on image |
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| misrepresentation of size or shape |
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| are of the anode in the x-ray tube from which x-rays emanate |
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| device between patient and IR, absorbs scatter |
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| device made of photostimulable phosphor that absorbs the photon energies exiting the patient |
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| mounted in cassette, glows when struck by radiation and expose the film |
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| milliampere seconds, determines the number of rays produced |
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| object to image receptor distance |
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| distance from the part being examined to the device that is detecting radiation |
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| picture archiving and communications system |
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| x-ray beam that exits patient |
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| source to image receptor distance |
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| distance from the source of radiation tot he device that is detecting the radiation |
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| source to object distance |
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| distance from the source of radiation to the part being examined |
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| midpoint of densities in a digital image |
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| an evacuated glass bulb with positive and negative electrodes |
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| accelerating the electrons |
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| takes several thousand volts of electricity |
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| electrodes strike the anode with a high kinetic energy |
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| brings the electrons to a sudden stop and creates energy |
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| by-product of energy conversion |
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| primary advantages of digital imaging |
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| post processing and computer storage |
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| 2 types of digital imaging in use |
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1. computed radiography
2. direct digital radiography (no cassette) |
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| accounts for 95% of image (the other %5 is from the x-rays) |
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| sheet of polyester plastic that is coated with gelatin and silver |
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| live action view of the interior of the body, must be a radiologist present |
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| cross sectional views of the body, several slices of information with one exposure |
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| Positron Emission Tomography |
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| uses radiopharmaceutical agent injected into body to determine organ physiological condition |
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| radioactive materials introduced into the body to produce images of major organs |
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| used in the OR, ICU, and burn unit |
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high frequency sound waves that echo off the interior of the body
(use the doppler technique for blood flow) |
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| a network full of images and patient info that can be accessed from any workstation |
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| removing anything that might show up on an x-ray like necklaces, bras, zippers, braces |
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| cleansing enema or contrast media |
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1. iodine based
2. barium based
3. air |
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| x-rays cannot readily pass through but can be absorbed by the body |
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| cannot be absorbed by the body, very few allergic reactions |
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| possible fractures, locate foreign bodies, or examine abnormalities |
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| usually require 2 views while joints often need an additional view |
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| trauma, arthritis, curvatures, spasms, or slipped vertebrae |
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| foreign masses, calcifications, distribution of air, the size, shape, and location of major organs, bony or soft tissue damage. |
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| patient swallows barium to see tumors, constrictions, and spasms |
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| use the barium, radiograph the abdomen to show progress of abdomen (at least an hour) |
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| iodinated contrast through vein to view kidney's, ureters, ans bladder to visualize and evaluate function |
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| peeing under fluoroscopic observation |
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| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
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| contrast in the bile duct to check for abnormalities in pancreas |
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| iodine contrast to visualize arteries of a particular region |
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| evaluates structures in and around joint spaces (mostly knee and shoulder) |
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| exam of uterus and fallopian tubes using an oil based iodinated contrast |
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| using sonic shock waves to destroy kidney stones |
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| high contrast film used and breasts are compressed |
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| exam of subarachnoid space of spinal cord |
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| radiographs of the veins in a particular are of the body |
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