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Chapter 7
Designing the User and System Interfaces
30
Computer Science
Undergraduate 2
04/17/2012

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Term
System Interfaces
Definition
Inputs or outputs that require minimal human intervention.
Term
User Interfaces
Definition
System interfaces that directly involve a system user.
Term
User Centered Design
Definition
design techniques that embody the view that the user interface is the entire system.
Term
Usability
Definition
Degree to which a system is easy to learn and use.
Term
Metaphors
Definition
Analogies between features of the user interface and aspects of physical reality that users are familiar with.
Term
Direct Manipulation Metaphor
Definition
metahor inwhich objects on a display are manipulated to look like physical objects or graphic symbols that represent them.
Term
Desktop Metaphor
Definition
Metaphor in which the visual display is organized into distinct regions, with a large empty workspace in the middle and a collection of tool icons around the perimeter.
Term
Document Metaphor
Definition
Metaphor in which data is visually represented as paper pages or forms.
Term
Dialog Metaphor
Definition
Metaphor in which user and computer accomplish a task by engaging in a conversation or dialog via text, voice, or tools such as labeled buttons.
Term

Human Computer Interaction

HCI

Definition
Field of study concerned with the efficiency and effectiveness of user interfaces vis-a-vis computer systems, human oriented input and output technology, and psycholgical aspects of user interfaces.
Term
Affordance
Definition
when the appearance of a specific control suggests its function.
Term
Visibility
Definition
when a control is visible so that users know it is available, the control providing immediate feedback to indicate that it is responding to the user.
Term
Storyboarding
Definition
Sequence of sketches of the display sreen during a dialog.
Term
Text Box
Definition
a rectangular box that accepts text typed on a keyboard or recognized from speech input.
Term
List Box
Definition
a text box that contains a list of predefined data values.
Term
Combo Box
Definition
a text box that contains a predefined list of acceptable entries but permits the user to enter a new value when the list doesn't contain the desired value.
Term
Radio Buttons
Definition
a group of choices from which the user selects only one, the system then automatically turns off all other buttons in the group.
Term
Check Boxes
Definition
similar to radio buttons, but the user can select multiple items within the group.
Term

Cascading Style Sheets

CSS

Definition
Web page encoding standard that enables a web site designer to specify parts of a page that will always look the same and parts that will vary by task or audience.
Term
Assistive Technologies
Definition
software (such as text to speech or voice recognition) that adapts user interfaces to the special needs of persons with disabilities. 
Term

Extensible Markup Language

XML

Definition
extension of HTML that embeds self defining data structures within textual messages.
Term
XML Tags
Definition
character sequences that define the beginning, end, and meaning of the text that appears in between them. <name> and </name>
Term
Detailed Reports
Definition
reports that contain specific information on business transactions.
Term
Summary Reports
Definition
reports that summarize detail or recap periodic activity.
Term
Exception Reports
Definition
reports that provide details or summary information about transactions or operating results that fall outside a predefined normal range of values.
Term
Executive Reports
Definition
reports used by high level managers to assess overall organization health and performance.
Term
Internal Outputs
Definition
reports or other outputs produced for use within the organization.
Term
External Reports
Definition
reports or other outputs produced for use by people outside the organization.
Term
Turnaround Documents
Definition
external outputs that includes one or more parts intended to be returned with new data or information.
Term
Drill Down
Definition
user-interface design technique that enables a user to select summary information and view supporting detail.
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