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| The electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element's atoms. |
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| Diagrams that show valence electrons as dots. |
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| In forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas. |
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| The electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds |
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| Shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance. |
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| is the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. |
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| is the number of ions of opposite charge that surround the ion in a crystal. |
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| Consist of the attraction of the free-floating valence electrons for the positively charged metal ions. |
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| are mixtures composed of two or more elements, at least one of which is metal. |
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