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| DNA is a _______ molecule |
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| Where in the cell is the DNA found? |
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| in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells |
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| In what form is DNA found in eukaryotic cells? |
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| In the form of chromosomes |
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| WHat does a chromosome consists of? |
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| singlel DNA molecules wrapped around protiens called Histones |
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| How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? |
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| how many total chromosomes do humans have? |
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| the 23rd pair of chromosome determines a persons? |
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| spiral shape double helix(double stranded) |
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| of nucleotides that are linked togeather |
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| Each nucleotide consists of? |
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| a sugar, a phosphate, and a base. |
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| the sugar and phosphates form the? |
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| outside "backbone" of the helix |
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| the interbal "rungs" like steps on a twisting ladder. |
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| bases are held togeather by? |
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| How many diffrent possible nucleotide bases are there? |
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| What are the different nucletide bases? |
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Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C) |
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| nucleotide bases do not pair up randomly, but rather in a consistent pattern, Which is known as? |
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| The complementary base pairing rule is? |
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Adenine-----Thymine
Cytosine-----Guanine |
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| Complementary base pairing is important for? |
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| During DNA replication, each complementary strand of DNA serves as a? |
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| What heppends during DNA replication? |
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| the hydrogen bonds that hold base pairs togeather are broken and the helix is unwound. |
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| what is the name of the action that separates the double stranded helix? |
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| What heppends after the helix is unwound? |
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| DNA polymerse adds complementary nucleotides to a new strand. |
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| DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides using what rule of pairing? |
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base pairing
Adenine----thymine
Guanine----Cytosine |
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| At the end of DNA replication how many copies of the original DNA molecule exist? |
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| DNA replication is said to be? |
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| Semi-conservative Replication |
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| each molecule consists of? |
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| an original and a new strand. |
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| if the sequence of one strand is TGCAG, what would be the sequence of the complementary strand after DNA relpication? ( remember that A pairs with T and C with G) |
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| the complementary strand after DNA replication would be: ACGTC |
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| If the sequence of one strand of DNA is GTTACGTACGGAT, what is the sequence of the complementary strand after DNA relpication? |
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Complementary strand after DNA relpication:
CAATGCAGGCCTA |
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the case of Roy brown, was convicted of murder on faulty and incomplete evidence and exonerated through DNA profiling.
How was brown freed? innocent project, non profit organization founded by two lawyers?
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| Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld |
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| What did the lawyers use to free brown using? |
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| using DNA evidence to free people who have been wrongly convicted of crimes |
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| Crime scene evidence was obtained by? |
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| extracting DNA from saliva and blood cells |
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| DNA profile of the perpetrator, a visual representaion of a persons unique DNA sequence. |
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| When there is not enough crime scene DNA to analyze they use? |
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| theh polmerase chain reaction technique(PCR) |
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| polymerase chain reaction technique- A chemical reaction that can increase the amount of DNA in a sample. |
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| Who developed the (PCR) tecnique? |
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| Kary Mullis in the mid-1980"s |
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| the (PCR) technique is similar to DNA relpication but occurs in? |
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| A test tube and only relpicates specific regions of a DNA molecule. |
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What needs to be added to PCR to work?
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to a small sample of DNA add-
Nucleotides
DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Primers |
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| the DNA is first heated to separate strands. -then cooled to allow new nucleotudes to be added by DNA polmerase |
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| How many copies does PCR make? In how much time |
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| billions of copies of a specific DNA region/ in less than a few hours. |
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