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| hard material embedded in the cellulose matrix of the cell walls- helps to stand upright |
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| hollow, tube-shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from the roots, nonliving |
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| elongated cells arranged into tubes filled with streaming cytoplasm. through active transport, organic nutrients are distributed to water. |
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| water-conducting cell that have pointed ends and thick walls with pits that connect them to nearby cells |
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| wider, shorter, thinner-walled, and less tapered than tracheids. the walls are perforated or missing so water can flow freely through them. |
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| tendency of water to stick together |
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| tendency of water molecules to form weak bonds to other charged molecules |
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| animals that carry their skeleton on the outside of the body and have jointed legs |
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| anthropods; no separation between blood and other intercellular fluid |
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| closed circulatory system |
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| blood confined to vessels |
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| chambers that receive blood returning to the heart |
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| chambers that pump blood out of the heart |
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| carry blood away from heart to organs throughout the body |
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| the network of microscopic vessels that infiltrate every tissue |
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| blood vessels that return blood to the heart |
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| a sequence of muscle contraction and relaxation in the heart |
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| proteins that compose the molecular motor to contract muscles |
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