Term
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Definition
| Prolonged emotional state |
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Term
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Definition
| Inds. often experiences one extreme mood |
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Term
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Definition
| Indi. often experience both depression and mania |
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Term
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Definition
Mood state characterized by intense sadness or despair, feeling worthlessness, and withdrawal from others
Core feature of depressive disorders and also commonly seen in bipolar disorders |
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Term
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Definition
Depressed mood with feeling of sadness or despair, feeling of sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or low self-esteem
Little emptiness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or low self esteem |
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Term
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Definition
| Pessimistic, self critical beliefs. Thoughts of suicide. Interfere with memory, concentration, and decision-making |
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Term
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Definition
Fatigue, social withdrawal, and reduced motivation
daily activities seem overwhelming
slow speech
lack of concern |
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Term
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Definition
Appetite and weight change
sleep disturbance
unexplained aches and pain
aversion to sexual activity |
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Term
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Definition
| A milder from of mania involving increased levels of activity and goal directed behaviors combined with elevated, expensive, or irritable mood |
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Term
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Definition
| Very exaggerated activity and emotions including euphoria, excessive excitement or irritability, dismished need for sleep and resultant impairment in social or occupational functioning |
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Term
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Definition
Mood: Emotionally unstable with modd changes ranging fro extreme elation to intense rage
Elevated mood
Increased mood
Increased energy and enthusiasm
Inappropriate use of humor and poor judgement |
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Term
| Symptoms of Mania: cognitive |
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Definition
Disorientation, lack of focus and attention and poor judgement
Lack of insight regarding inappropriateness of behavior
Pressured speech: rapid
Flight of ideas: rapidly changing or disjointed thoughts |
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Term
| Symptoms of Mania: Physiological |
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Definition
Decreased need for sleep
high levels or arousal
increased sex drive
Weight loss->high energy expenditure |
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Term
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Definition
Mild,mod, severe symp
Frequency and duration of episodes
seasonal changes in mood
Patterns of alcohol or other substance use
presence of aanxiety or suicidality
mixed features |
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Term
| Major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| Requires a major depressive episode impair functioning for most of the day. every day for two weeks |
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Term
| Dysthymic disorder (chronic depression) |
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Definition
present for most of the day for more days than not during two year period w no more than two months symptom-free
two symptoms must be present:
low self esteem, hopelessness, poor appetite, low energy, sleep difficult |
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Term
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Definition
| Symptoms of motor tension, difficulty relaxing, pervasive worries, or feelings that something catastrophic will occur |
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Term
| SAD seasonal affective disorder |
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Definition
| Severe depression that occurs with a seasonal pattern associated with decreasing light. Fall or winter remit spring or summer |
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Term
| PMDD Premenstrual dysphoric disorder |
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Definition
| Symptoms of depression, irritability, and tension that appear the week before menstruation and remit soon after menstruation begins. Produces distress->interferes social and occupational functioning |
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Term
| Prevalence of depressive disorders |
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Definition
common, leading disability, expensive (50 million spent)
Increased women, native american,divorced.
Recurrence->high |
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Term
| Etiology of depressive disorders: biological |
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Definition
| Heredity: run in families, genetic (serotonin transporter gene) |
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Term
| Etiology of depressive disorders: Psychological |
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Definition
Behavioral: not enough social support
Cognitive: the way people think causes depression: negative thoughts |
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Term
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Definition
| Depression is a caused by how you think not modd |
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Term
| Etiology of depressive disorders: social |
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Definition
maltreatment during childhood
acute stress-> depression |
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Term
| Etiology of depressive disorders: sociocultural |
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Definition
culture, ethnicity->experienced differently
Gender: women are more common |
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Term
| Treatments for depression:Biomedical |
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Definition
Biomedical treatments: meds->SSRIs
Exercise and dietary, circadian-related treatments
Brain stimulation therapies: ECT |
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Term
| Treatments for depression: psychological and behavioral |
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Definition
focus->increase exposure to pleasurable events and activities, improving social skills, and facilitating social interactions via steps: 42
Disrupt the cycle of negative thinking by focusing on present |
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Term
| Treatments for depression |
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Definition
| Bio and psychological is the best way to treat depression->longer lasting effects |
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Term
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Definition
| Symtoms of mania/hypomania that alternate with episodes of depression. Less prevalent than depressive disorder. high cost |
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Term
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Definition
| Manic episode with or without severe depression |
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Term
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Definition
| One major depressive episode lasting two weeks and at least one hypomanic |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypomanic episodes are consistently interspersed with depressed moods for at least two years |
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Term
| Etiology of bipolar disorders: Biological |
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Definition
| Heritability. Interactions among multiple genes. Neurological influences. Brain irregularities: traumatic brain injury |
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Term
| Treatments for bipolar disorders |
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Definition
aims to eliminate all symptoms. Lithium is treatment of choice.
Anticonvulsant drugs are helpful & antidepressants symptoms are can help depressive symptoms.
psychotherapy and family therapy are helpful |
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Term
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Definition
| Teach a patient about their disorder,treatments, ideas |
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