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Chapter 7
From Exam 3 Study Guide
18
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/02/2014

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Term
handedness
Definition
reflects the greater capacity of one side of the brain to carry out skilled motor action
Term
corpus callosum
Definition
large bundle of fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
Term
dual representation
Definition
viewing a symbolic object as both an object in its own right and a symbol
Term
animistic thinking
Definition
the belief that animate objects have lifelike qualities, such as thoughts, wishes, feelings, and intentions
Term
egocentrism
Definition
failure to distinguish the symbolic viewpoints of others from one's own
Term
conservation
Definition
the idea that certain physical characteristics of objects remain the same, even when their outward appearance changes
Term
hierarchical classification
Definition
organization of objects into classes and subclasses on the basis of similarities and differences
Term
private speech
Definition
used to guide thinking and behavior
Term
scaffolding
Definition
adjusting the support offered during a teaching session to fit the child's current level of performance
Term
Vygotsky's view of make-believe play
Definition
a zone of proximal development that promotes many new competencies
Term
metacognition
Definition
"thinking about thought"
Term
emergent literacy
Definition
active efforts to construct literacy knowledge through informal experiences
Term
Project Head Start
Definition
Typically provides children with a year or two of preschool along with nutritional and health care services. Parent involvement is central to their philosophy
Term
overregularization
Definition
overextension of the rules to words that are exceptions
Term
pragmatics
Definition
Social side of language, children must learn to engage in effective and appropriate communication
Term
oral rehydration therapy
Definition
sick children are given a solution of glucose, salt, and water that quickly replaces fluids the body loses
Term
development of drawing
Definition
scribbles to first representational forms to more realistic drawings
Term
preoperational stage
Definition
spans the years 2 to 7, the most obvious change is an extraordinary increase in representational, or symbolic, activity
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